自畫像：《理蕃の友》中原住民菁英的自我形象及書

Abstract

日治時期殖民者施行的理蕃政策是基於對原住民族進行馴化而成立，它具有近似宗教性的使命感。政策和馴化過程，皆企圖抹除原住民族的傳統生活文化與思維，重新建構符合殖民統治需求的認同和自我詮釋。其結果將導致原住民族在潛移默化中接受殖民者對其自身的觀看和定義，甚而內化成原住民族的自身認同，這同時也是原住民族挪用殖民者建構的原住民族知識與形象而進行自民族再現的過程。本文藉由日治時期《理蕃 友》中原住民族菁英的文字敘事，觀察具有「國語」讀寫、理解能力的原住民族菁英在成為理蕃政策的代行者之餘，呈現的自我描繪及自民族詮釋，並嘗試將之與殖民話語進行對照，進而說明原住民的自民族再現與殊方觀看之間的落差。再者，本文並探討原住民族口傳傳統神話的文字再現，作為一種原住民族菁英宣示部落認同之策略的可能性。  Colonizers aimed to cultivate the “barbaric” aborigines through an aboriginal policy, which resembled a religious mission of domestication. This mission was intended to tame the aborigines and involved a constant process of taming supported by a governing system. The goal was to infiltrate or even substitute the traditional culture and central thoughts of the aboriginal society. Furthermore, it aimed to reconstruct an ideal self-recognition that conformed to colonial dominion. As a result, the aborigines who embraced the colonizers’ perspectives underwent an inner transformation, eventually internalizing the colonizers’ point of view as their own self-identification. In light of these dynamics, tribal representation emerged when the aboriginal elites redirected the colonizers’ perspectives on aboriginal cognitions and figures. This essay aims to closely examine the writing of aboriginal elites in The Ribann no tomo, analyzing their viewpoints on aborigines and tribal compositions. It then proceeds to further discuss how aboriginal scholars constructed their own understanding of tribes and their associated images.