The Latvian Translation Scene at the Beginning of the 20th Century

A. Veisbergs
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Abstract

The first decade of the 20th century was a period of huge advances and expansion in the Latvian translation scene. New, contemporary authors’ works became available to Latvian readers. The Latvian readership was consciously being integrated into general European literary trends. It was also a heyday of periodicals that published numerous translations, including numerous novels. There are countless parallel translations even reaching double digits. Translations included various genres and the traditional Latvian interest in plays was obvious. German was gradually losing its dominant positions as both a source and intermediate language, Russian was advancing. This period also saw a change of generations among translators, and with the new generation women became visible in translation scene. Practically all Latvian writers were also active translators. The translation method changed from localisation to a fidelity mode with a tendency towards foreignisation. Frequently translations now had prefaces and explanations by the translators. Translated literature now ranged from serious classical works to modern ones and from pulp literature to high quality creations. The quality of translations was also very varied. The expansion of translation and the cultivation of new domains went hand in hand with the development of the Latvian language itself.
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20世纪初拉脱维亚语的翻译现状
20世纪的头十年是拉脱维亚语翻译领域取得巨大进步和发展的时期。拉脱维亚读者可以读到当代作家的新作。拉脱维亚的读者有意识地融入了欧洲的文学潮流。这也是期刊的全盛时期,出版了大量的翻译作品,包括许多小说。有无数的平行翻译甚至达到了两位数。翻译包括各种体裁,拉脱维亚人对戏剧的传统兴趣是显而易见的。德语逐渐失去了其作为语言来源和中间语言的主导地位,俄语正在崛起。这一时期的翻译家也发生了代际更替,随着新一代翻译家的出现,女性也开始出现在翻译界。几乎所有拉脱维亚作家都是活跃的翻译家。翻译方法从本土化转向忠实化,并有异化倾向。现在的译文通常都有序言和译者的解释。翻译文学从严肃的古典文学到现代文学,从低俗文学到高质量的创作。翻译的质量也参差不齐。翻译的扩大和新领域的开发与拉脱维亚语本身的发展密切相关。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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