Uptake kinetics of micronutrients in fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) with N input

N. Sharma
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Abstract

Study of nutrients uptake kinetics in crop plants is very important to determine the need of nutrients during crop growing period at a specific time, which relies upon a wide variety of factors, like plant species and their varieties, environmental conditions, soil properties, nutrients supply and soil microorganism etc. Therefore, to study the uptake kinetics of micronutrients, field experiments were carried out on sandy loam soil of Typic Haplustepts with six N levels i.e. 0, 40, 60, 80, 100 and 120 kg ha-1 and compared with absolute control. Uptake of micronutrients and their uptake rate was calculated at 11-60, 61-90, 91-120 and 121-180 day interval. Result revealed that the uptake of iron, zinc, manganese and copper increased with increased levels of applied nitrogen and advancing age of crop plants. It was highest at 120 kg N ha-1 during 121-180 days after sowing (DAS). Uptake of Fe and Mn was exponential while Cu was linear up to 180 days, whereas Zn made plateau beyond 120 DAS of the crop. Uptake rate of Fe and Cu showed linear pattern with increasing levels of N (upto 120 N kg ha-1) at all the four stages of the crop. However, uptake rate of Mn and Zn was different with rates of N application and was nearer to the linear trend up to 91-120 DAS. Fe uptake rate was remarkably higher during 121-180 DAS over the 91-120 DAS with all the levels of applied N. Uptake rate of Mn drastically reduced during 121-180 DAS than 91-120 DAS with all the levels of N. Hence, it can be concluded that application of N have positive response for uptake and uptake rate of micronutrients in fennel irrespective of growth stages, while uptake rate of Mn and Zn varied with stageswhereas the uptake rate of Fe and Cu continued, or even increased after plant senescence appeared, reflects that Zn and Mn are more responsible for growth of areal parts of fennel and Fe and Cu for root growth. Hence later stage application of Zn and Mn may be discouraged, while Cu and Fe application may continue for higher yield, nutrients use efficiency andratooning. Whereas, Mn and Zn uptake rate reduced with senescence of crop. This is because of fennel is an ‘Herbaceous perennial bushy’ plant and root remains active even beyond the senescence of aerial part of crop.
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N输入条件下茴香微量元素的吸收动力学
作物植物养分吸收动力学的研究对于确定作物在特定时期的生长期对养分的需求具有重要意义,这取决于多种因素,如植物种类及其品种、环境条件、土壤性质、养分供应和土壤微生物等。因此,为了研究微量元素的吸收动力学,在典型单步沙地壤土上进行了6个N水平(0、40、60、80、100和120 kg ha-1)的田间试验,并与绝对对照进行了比较。分别于11 ~ 60、61 ~ 90、91 ~ 120和121 ~ 180 d计算微量营养素的吸收量和吸收率。结果表明,铁、锌、锰和铜的吸收随施氮量的增加和作物年龄的延长而增加。播后121 ~ 180 d以120 kg N hm -1最高。在180 d内,铁和锰的吸收呈指数增长,铜的吸收呈线性增长,而锌的吸收在120 d后呈平稳增长。铁和铜的吸收速率随施氮量的增加呈线性关系(最高可达120 N kg hm -1)。而Mn和Zn的吸收速率随施氮量的增加而变化,在91 ~ 120 DAS时更接近线性趋势。铁吸收速率显著高于在91 - 120年期间121 - 180 DAS DAS的水平应用N吸收Mn率大幅减少比91 - 120年期间121 - 180 DAS DAS的水平N .因此,可以得出结论,应用N有积极响应微量营养物质的摄取和吸收速率茴香无论增长阶段,而吸收锰和锌的吸收速率随stageswhereas铁和铜继续、甚至在植株衰老后增加,反映Zn和Mn对茴香面部生长的作用更大,Fe和Cu对根部生长的作用更大。因此,后期可能不建议施用锌和锰,而继续施用铜和铁,以获得更高的产量,养分利用效率和再生。而锰、锌吸收速率随作物衰老而降低。这是因为茴香是一种多年生草本灌木植物,即使在作物的地上部分衰老之后,根部仍保持活跃。
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