Prevalence and risk factors of urinary incontinence among premenopausal and postmenopausal females

Abstract

Background Although urinary incontinence (UI) is not a life-threatening disorder, it has been shown to have detrimental effects on quality of life in terms of psychological and social, associated with negative effects on women’s sexuality. Aim and objectives To estimate the prevalence and assess risk factors of UI among premenopausal and postmenopausal females. Patients and methods A cross-sectional study was carried out at gynecological and urological outpatient clinics at Al-Zahraa University Hospital and Kafr El-Sheikh General Hospital, on 1000 females with their ages ranging from 40 to 70 after taking informed consent from all participants, from August 2020 to January 2021. Results There was statistically significant increased parity (three times or more), normal delivery with episiotomy in stress UI. Also, there were statistically significant increased delivery complications and BMI in urge UI and there was statistically significant increased menopause and age in mixed UI. Conclusion The present study showed a moderate prevalence of urine incontinence between females. The associated risk factors of urine incontinence were older age, obesity, menopause, using of instruments (forceps and ventuse), high parity, and normal delivery with episiotomy; also, we found that cesarean delivery has a protective role for UI. The quality of daily life was affected more negatively in women with UI.