Manifestations of the Epidemic Process of Tuberculosis among HIV-infected in Comparison with the General Population

Abstract

Relevance. The incidence of HIV-associated tuberculosis (HIV/TB) continues to rise.The aim of the work is to study the manifestations of the epidemic process of TB in HIV-infected people in comparison with a general population.Materials and methods. The manifestations of TB incidence were studied among people living with HIV and HIV-negative population of the Perm Region and the Russian Federation for the period 2005–2021. The incidence of HIV/TB was calculated relative to all residents of the study area, the incidence of TB among HIV-infected - relative to the number of PLHIV, the incidence of TB among HIV-negative – relative to the total number of residents minus PLHIV. Comparative assessment of morbidity rates was carried out by calculating Students parametric test.Results. The epidemic process of TB among HIV-infected people was in ten times more intensive than among HIVnegative people. The increase in the incidence of HIV/TB has been observed in recent years (2005–2021) against the background of the intensification of the epidemic process of HIV infection and a decrease in the incidence TB in the absence of HIV infection. TB among HIV-infected and HIV-negative people was registered more often among adults than children, and mainly among men. The ncidence of HIV-infected TB was higher among the urban population, while the intensity of the epidemic process of TB among HIV-negative, on the contrary, is higher among rural residents. In recent years, there has been a redistribution of the incidence of HIV/TB towards older age groups of population.