TEKKELERİN KAPATILMASI VE TASFİYESİ SÜRECİ (1925- 1938)

Abstract

Lodges are structures which have a very special place in Turkish – Islamic tradition. Lodges continued their existence as one of the important parts of the social life for ages. They became one of the basic foundations of location policies, military, economy, science, literature, and art. It was seen that a serious deterioration in lodges in the last period of Ottoman Empire. They became distant to gain favour which was expected to them for government and social life any more. They came up against a serious state intervention in the period of II. Mahmut. Republic of Turkey which was established after breaking down Ottoman Empire saw that sense of secularism which was adopted as one of the main principals of the government cannot live with lodge structure. Lodges which stood against the reforms were closed in 1925. Then, the process of the liquidation of lodges was started. It was spread on effort to remove the understanding of lodge and cult traces which became popular in the society. These structures chose the way of continuing hole and corner activities as a defence against. Lodge culture continued its existence in some way.  In this study, it will be tried to clarify the subjects which took place between the years of 1925 and 1938: how the goods and premises which inherited from lodges will be used, the relationship of Menemen Event with lodges and sheiks, the attitude of press about the subject, the works of liquidation of lodges, Sheik Sait’s rebellion which was accepted as a reason in the period of liquidation process of lodges. The base of this study was established on archive documents and the newspapers of this period. Besides, formal documents, copyrighted and surveyed works, and academic thesis which are relevant were used to expand on the text.