Evaluation of Interradicular Cortical Bone Thickness for Orthodontic Miniscrew Implant Placement Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography

Abstract

Background: Two factors, safety and stability that clinicians should consider during miniscrew implant placement. Safety is involved to MD distance and stability is involved to bone thickness. No Iraqi studies had been evaluated bone thickness and mesiodistal distance related to mini-implant placement for orthodontic anchorage at age 18 -35 years  The aim of study: This study aimed to assess the three dimensional interradicular areas and the cortical bone thickness in Iraqi patients wit h Class I skeletal pattern and to determine the safe and suitable sites for orthodontic miniscrew implant by use the CBCT.  Materials and Methods : The sample of the present study include a total of 20 Iraqi arabic patients aged 18-35 years of both sexes (10 males and 10 females) attending the Porceka Center at al Hilla city for CBCT scan for different CBCT diagnostic purposes from the period between November 2014 to May 2015.Measurements were made from the mesial aspect of the first premolar to the mesial aspect of the second molar of mandible, at 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 mm heights from the alveolar bone crest in each interradicular area.  Results: In males, the greatest buccal cortical thickness, buccolingual alveolar process width and mesiodistal distance were between the first and second molar at 10-mm height (3.8 ± 0.92 mm, 15.7 ± 1.33 mm and 4.7± 1.01respectively). In females, the greatest buccal cortical thickness, buccolingual alveolar process width and mesiodistal distance were between the first and second molar at 10-mm height (2.7 ± 0.16 mm, 13.8 ± 1.59 mm and 6.1± 0.91respectively). There was statistically significant sex difference in buccal cortical thickness, buccolingual alveolar process width and mesiodistal distance which were larger with males.  Conclusion: Cone Beam Computed Tomography is a precise tool for evaluation the interradicular area and buccal cortical bone thickness to select the most suitable position of orthodontic miniscrew insertion.