Current Status and Prospects for the Hemp Bioindustry

H. Sohn, MunJung Kim, Young-Min Kim
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Cannabis sativa L. belongs to the Cannabaceae family and is an annual herbaceous flowing plant. The plants can be classified into narcotic marijuana and nonnarcotic hemp. Different parts of C. sativa L. have been used as food, medicine, cosmetics, fiber and textile. However, the use of leaf, flower, and seed of C. sativa L was forbidden in Korea in January 1977 as a result of the Cannabis Control Act due to the narcotic properties. The plant’s mature stems have limited uses for the production of fiber and sheets. Recently, various cannabinoids, terpenes and essential fatty acids were identified from C. sativa L., and their safety and useful bio-activities, such as neuroprotective, anti-inflammation, antithrombosis, antiepileptic, and antimicrobial activities, and the relief of pain, have been highlighted. Furthermore, the process of reduction of tetrahydrocannabinol, a representative narcotic compound, and the isolation of cannabidiol, a nonnarcotic active compound in C. sativa L., have been determined. These findings resulted in the legalization of C. sativa L. in Korea for medical use in December 2018 and the exclusion of C. sativa L. from the narcotic list of the UN Commission on Narcotics Drugs (UNCND) in December 2020. Therefore, developments of various high-value added products have commenced worldwide. Additionally, in 2021, the Korean government deregulated special zones based on hemp. In this study, the current status and the prospect of the hemp industry, as well as essential techniques for developing new hemp products, are provided for the activation of the Korea Green-Rush.
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大麻生物产业的现状与展望
大麻属大麻科,是一年生草本流动植物。这些植物可分为麻醉大麻和非麻醉大麻。其不同部位可用于食品、医药、化妆品、纤维和纺织品等。但是,1977年1月,根据《大麻管理法》,大麻叶、花、种子因具有麻醉作用而被禁止使用。这种植物的成熟茎在生产纤维和薄板方面用途有限。近年来,从大麻中鉴定出多种大麻素、萜烯和必需脂肪酸,其安全性和有益的生物活性,如神经保护、抗炎、抗血栓形成、抗癫痫、抗菌和缓解疼痛等都得到了重视。此外,还确定了大麻中具有代表性的麻醉性化合物四氢大麻酚的还原过程和非麻醉性活性化合物大麻二酚的分离。因此,韩国于2018年12月将大麻药用合法化,并于2020年12月将大麻从联合国麻醉药品委员会(UNCND)的麻醉药品清单中除名。因此,各种高附加值产品的开发已经在世界范围内开始。此外,韩国政府还于2021年解除了对大麻特区的限制。本文介绍了我国大麻产业的现状和前景,以及开发大麻新产品的必要技术,为韩国绿草的活化提供了依据。
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