Bone Marrow Study in Patients of Pancytopenia

Abstract

Introduction: Pancytopenia is defined as reduction in all three major componpents of blood,results from number of disease processes. Pancytopenia develops by varieties of mechanism, due to decrease in haematopoeitic cell production as a result of destruction of marrow by toxins suppression of normal growth and differentiation. Patients present with anaemia leucopenia and thrombocytopenia Material And Methods: This is study done retrospectively of 80 patients from january 2015 to december 2016(2 year study), presenting with pancytopenia, in central pathology lab of Gajra Raja medical College Gwalior in which both peripheral smear and bone marrow of same patient is examined aftre staining with leishman stain under low and high magnification and all haematological parameters were seen. Bone marrow is evaluated for cellularity,erythropoiesis,myelopoiesis,megakaryopoiesis and other cells. Results: Among 80 cases studied,age of patients ranged from 1 to 70 with male to female ratio 2:1. Maximum number of cases were found in in the age group of 1 – 15yrs(62.5%) 15-35(25%) and >35 yrs(12.5%).most of the patients (>80%) had haemoglobin less than 5 grams,.more than 60% had mcv more than 100fml.In bone marrow studies we have found that myeloid series is suppressed in more than 60%patients and its normal in other patients.Myeloid erythroid ratio is suppressed in 70%of the cases.