無機イオン交換体の合成および結晶化学に関する研究;無機イオン交換体の合成および結晶化学に関する研究;Study on Preparation and Crystal Chemistry of Inorganic Ion-Exchangers

Abstract

A variety of new inorganic compounds could be prepared by solid state reaction or ion-exchange reaction, and their crystal structures and some properties were clarified. Layer- and tunnel-type niobates were synthesized by solid state reaction and their ion-exchange properties were investigated. The alkaline ions in the interlayer of Rb(Mg 0.34 Nb 1.66 )O 5 and KFe x Ti 1–2x Nb 1+x O 5 were ion-exchanged with proton. The protonated derivative of Rb(Mg 0.34 Nb 1.66 )O 5 was hydrated easily even under low relative humidity and for those of the solid solution, KFe x Ti 1–2x Nb 1+x O 5 the hydration depended on the value of x. The Cs + ion in Cs 3 Fe 0.5 Nb 5.5 O 16 with a tunnel structure was never ion-exchanged with proton, however, it was replaced partially with Rb + ion by immersing in molten salt. By using hydrothermal reaction variety of new compounds in zirconium phosphates and bismuthates were synthesized, and their crystal structures and some properties were clarified. The hydrothermal reaction using ZrOCl 2 ·8H 2 O as one of the starting compounds produced seven types of new zirconium phosphates, and one of them exhibited unique ion-exchange property. New bismuthates with Bi 5+ could be synthesized by hydrothermal reaction by using NaBiO 3 ·nH 2 O as one of the starting compounds, and some of them were superconductors or photocatalyst under visible light irradiation.