Toxicity Effects and Biochemical Changes of Insecticide Alternatives on Cowpea Aphid, (Aphis craccivora) (Homoptera: Aphididae)

A. Shehawy, A. Khalil, A. Maklad, Sameer H Qari
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引用次数: 4

Abstract

The cowpea aphid; Aphis craccivora is one of the harmful pests, which infest cowpea bean, Faba bean plants and many crops leading to a decrease of crop production. Plants including; Citrullus colocynthis, Peganum harmala, Senna alexandrina, andApium graveolens wereextracted bymethanol 70%, in order to evaluate its toxicity effect on Aphis craccivora in laboratory and field, as well as Alkaline phosphatase, non-specific esterase and mixed-function oxidase were evaluated after treatment with LC50 of different plant extracts. The results showed that LC50 was 4890.079,5537.761, 6118.4856 and 6118.4856 ppm respectively, while it was 74.1996 ppm for Pirimicarb. Moreover, the combination of the different plant extracts showed or exhibit such a dramatic reduction in A. craccivora in the field and minimize the concentration of the pirimicarb required to reduce the aphid population in the field. Also, P. harmala, S. alexandrina showed an increase in Alkaline phosphatase, non-specific esterase and mixed-function oxidase, while it was moderate for C. colocynthis and low for A. graveolens compared with the control. These results should be helpful in the rational applications of insect pest management.
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不同杀虫剂对豇豆蚜虫(同翅目:蚜虫科)的毒力及生化变化
豇豆蚜虫;蚜虫是一种有害害虫,主要危害豇豆、蚕豆和多种作物,造成作物减产。植物包括;采用70%甲醇提取甜瓜(Citrullus colocynthis)、苦瓜(Peganum harmala)、山黧豆(Senna alexandrina)和石首花(apium graveolens),在实验室和田间评价其对小蚜虫的毒性作用,并以不同植物提取物LC50处理后,评价其对小蚜虫的碱性磷酸酶、非特异性酯酶和混合功能氧化酶的活性。结果表明,吡虫威的LC50分别为4890.079、5537.761、6118.4856和6118.4856 ppm,而吡虫威的LC50为74.1996 ppm。此外,不同植物提取物的组合在田间显示或表现出这样的戏剧性减少,并将减少田间蚜虫种群所需的吡虫威浓度降至最低。与对照相比,绿草假丝草的碱性磷酸酶、非特异性酯酶和混合功能氧化酶的含量均有所增加,而绿草假丝草的含量中等,绿草假丝草的含量较低。这些结果将有助于害虫治理的合理应用。
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