Comparative analysis of vitamin D levels in younger and older populations in rural vs. urban areas of Amravati district: An epidemiological survey

Abstract

Background Deficiency of the sunshine vitamin, vitamin D, is a major public health issue which affects people all over the world. Vitamin D deficiency was common among populations in the Amravati district of India, particularly among females, young adults in rural areas and the elderly. While many studies have focused on vitamin D levels in individuals, few have compared vitamin D status in younger and older as well rural and urban populations.  Methodology The present study was conducted in the pathology department of a tertiary health care centre serving both a rural and urban population.  481 adult patients were examined from Jun 2017 to May 2019, age 20 to 78, of both sexes.  Result We found that there was a high frequency of vitamin-D deficiency/inadequacy. The overall prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (<20 ng/ml of serum 25- Hydroxyvitamin D) was 40%. There was significantly more deficiency in urban than rural areas. However, we found no significant differences by age or sex.  Conclusion Vitamin-D deficiency is very common in India. The clinically identified cases, on the other hand, are just the tip of the iceberg. Given the numerous effects that this deficiency might produce, this hidden pandemic slows the country's development. Vitamin-D deficiency must be managed with care and attention. Vitamin-D supplementation is critical for these residents who are vitamin-D deficient. Food fortification should be explored as the best long-term public health measure to improve the vitamin D status of the entire population.