The study of the natural substances obtained from the poplar buds and their use for protection against the action of ionizing radiation

Abstract

Currently, natural plant extracts, which include biologically active substances, are increasingly used to produce medicines and cosmetics. In connection with the dangers of a radioecological crisis, special attention is paid to finding ways to protect against the effects of chronic exposure to low-intensity ionizing radiation in natural conditions. Currently, there is no ideal and safe radioprotective agent available, and we are seeing a great effort to find these agents from natural sources. Poplar extract is possible for use as a radioprotective shield from γ-radiation. Samples of protective screens were made from poplar extract on paper and showed a significant radioprotective effect. Phenolic compounds and flavonoids are widely present in plants as a second metabolite and are considered for research depending on their benefits for human health, healing and preventing many disorders. The main biologically active properties of flavonoids include antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, rejuvenating, antibacterial and viral, neuroprotective and radioprotective action. The aim of this work was – the study of Flavonoids in an extract obtained from poplar buds and the possibility of their use for protection against radiation. Materials and methods. The object of research is the vegetative organs of poplar (buds). In the process of work, experimental studies were carried out on the extraction and separation of natural compounds, identification of flavonoids, and study of the chemical composition of biologically active complexes of poplar and preparations based on them. Research results. Data from these studies provide the identification of flavonoids by spectroscopy and quantification of flavonoids in poplar bud extract and can contribute to the optimization of radioprotection procedures. The main components found in the poplar buds dry extract are 2',6'-dihydroxy-4'-methoxychalcone – are 2',6'-dihydroxy-4'-methoxychalcone – 2,67 %, 3,4-dihydro-2',6'-dihydroxy-4'-methoxychalcone – 2,33 %, pinobaxin -1,91 %, chrysin – 0,76 %, pinostrobin – 0,04 %, pinocembrin – 0,61 %, tectochrysin- 0,54 % and galangin – 0,18 % of dry material. The results showed that the power of the penetrating radiation decreases with increasing the thickness of the protective screen. The power of penetrating radiation decreased from 78 % at the layer of 0.5 mm to 10 % at 3 mm layer thickness. Further increasing the thickness of the protective screen (> 3 mm), doesn’t affect the dose rate. Conclusions. The composition of the poplar buds' ethanol extract was investigated. Samples of protective screens made on the basis of poplar extract on paper showed a significant radioprotective effect on low-intensity ionizing radiation