Simplified neurophysiology of the lower urinary tract

Abstract

Urinary incontinence is an important health problem with a significant effect on the quality of life of its sufferers. Despite the prevalence and impact of the condition, incontinent patients seem to accept their symptoms for years before they consult their physician. When they do finally consult their physician, an unnecessarily high proportion is referred to a specialist. However, though the pathophysiology is complex, urinary incontinence can be effectively treated in primary care practice with a basic knowledge of the anatomy and function of the lower urinary tract. This review presents updated findings on the neurophysiology of the lower urinary tract (LUT), focusing on the role of the central and peripheral autonomic and somatic nervous systems during urinary storage and voiding.