Phenotypic and Molecular Detection of Biofilm Formation in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Isolated from Different Clinical Sources in Erbil City.

IF 2 4区医学 Q3 HEMATOLOGY Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI:10.4084/MJHID.2023.016

Pishtiwan Ahmad Hamad

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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Background: Staphylococcus aureus is an important causative pathogen. The production of biofilms is an important factor and makes these bacteria resistant to antimicrobial therapy.

Objectives: the current study aimed to assess the prevalence of resistance to antibacterial agents and to evaluate the phenotypic and genotypic characterization of biofilm formation among S. aureus strains.

Methods: This study included 50 isolates of Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and Methicillin-Susceptible S. aureus (MSSA). S. aureus was identified by molecular and conventional methods, and antimicrobial resistance was tested with a disc diffusion method. The biofilm formation was performed through the Microtiter plate method. Strains were subjected to PCR to determine the presence of nuc, mecA, icaA, icaB, icaC, and icaD genes.

Results: Of the 50 S. aureus isolates, 32(64%) and 18(36%) were MRSA and MSSA, respectively. A large number of MRSA and MSSA isolates showed resistance to Penicillin and Azithromycin, and a lower number of MRSA and MSSA isolates showed resistance to Amikacin Gentamicin. None of the isolates was resistant to Vancomycin. The MRSA strains had significantly higher resistance against antibiotics than MSSA strains (P = 0.0154). All isolates (MRSA and MSSA) were able to produce biofilm with levels ranging from strong (31.25 %), (16.6%) to moderate (53.12%), (50%) to weak (15.6%), (33.3%) respectively. The MRSA strains had a significantly higher biofilm formation ability than the MSSA strains (P = 0.0079). The biofilm-encoding genes were detected among isolates with different frequencies. The majority of S. aureus isolates, 42 (84%), were positive for the icaA. The prevalence rates of the icaB, icaC and icaD genes were found to be 37 (74%), 40 (80%) and 41 (82%), respectively.

Conclusions: The prevalence of biofilm encoding genes associated with multidrug resistance in S. aureus strains is high. Therefore, identifying epidemiology, molecular characteristics, and biofilm management of S. aureus infection would be helpful.

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埃尔比勒市不同临床来源耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌生物膜形成的表型和分子检测

背景:金黄色葡萄球菌是一种重要的致病菌。生物膜的产生是一个重要的因素，使这些细菌对抗菌素治疗产生耐药性。目的:本研究旨在评估金黄色葡萄球菌对抗菌药物的耐药性，并评估金黄色葡萄球菌生物膜形成的表型和基因型特征。方法:对50株耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)和甲氧西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌(MSSA)进行研究。采用分子法和常规方法鉴定金黄色葡萄球菌，采用圆盘扩散法检测耐药性。通过微滴板法进行生物膜的形成。采用PCR检测菌株是否存在nuc、mecA、icaA、icaB、icaC和icaD基因。结果:50株金黄色葡萄球菌中，32株(64%)为MRSA, 18株(36%)为MSSA。大量MRSA和MSSA分离株对青霉素和阿奇霉素耐药，少量MRSA和MSSA分离株对阿米卡星庆大霉素耐药。所有分离株对万古霉素均无耐药。MRSA菌株对抗生素的耐药性显著高于MSSA菌株(P = 0.0154)。所有分离株(MRSA和MSSA)均能形成生物膜，其水平分别为强(31.25%)、(16.6%)、中(53.12%)、(50%)、弱(15.6%)、(33.3%)。MRSA菌株的生物膜形成能力显著高于MSSA菌株(P = 0.0079)。在不同频率的菌株中检测到生物膜编码基因。大多数金黄色葡萄球菌分离株，42株(84%)为icaA阳性。icaB、icaC和icaD基因的患病率分别为37(74%)、40(80%)和41(82%)。结论:金黄色葡萄球菌多药耐药相关的生物膜编码基因普遍存在。因此，明确金黄色葡萄球菌感染的流行病学、分子特征和生物膜处理将有所帮助。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases Medicine-Hematology

CiteScore

4.20

自引率

6.20%

发文量

113

审稿时长

12 weeks

期刊介绍： Reciprocal interdependence between infectious and hematologic diseases (malignant and non-malignant) is well known. This relationship is particularly evident in Mediterranean countries. Parasitosis as Malaria, Leishmaniosis, B Hookworms, Teniasis, very common in the southeast Mediterranean area, infect about a billion people and manifest prevalently with anemia so that they are usually diagnosed mostly by experienced hematologist on blood or bone marrow smear. On the other hand, infections are also a significant problem in patients affected by hematological malignancies. The blood is the primary vector of HIV infection, which otherwise manifest with symptoms related to a reduction in T lymphocytes. In turn, infections can favor the insurgency of hematological malignancies. The causative relationship between Epstein-Barr virus infection, Helicobacter pylori, hepatitis C virus, HIV and lymphoproliferative diseases is well known.