Thallium: A Polluting Metal of New Generation. Its Voltammetric Determination in Herbal Medicines in Presence of Metal Interferences

Abstract

The present paper reports a new application: the voltammetric determination in herbal medicines of ultra-trace thallium(I), in the presence of lead(II), tin(II) and antimony(III) as interfering metals, by square wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SWASV). A conventional three-electrodes voltammetric cell was employed with a stationary hanging mercury drop electrode (HMDE) as working electrode and a platinum electrode and an Ag|AgCl|KClsatd. electrode as auxiliary and reference electrodes, respectively. The supporting electrolyte was 0.5 mol L−1 ammonium citrate buffer pH 6.5 + 7.3·10−3 mol L−1 EDTA-Na2. The analytical procedure was verified by the analysis of the standard reference materials: spinach Leaves NIST-SRM 1570a and tomato leaves NIST-SRM 1573a from National Institute of Standards and Technology. Precision and trueness, expressed as relative standard deviation and relative error, respectively, were generally lower than 7% in all cases. Once set up on the standard reference materials, the analytical procedure was transferred and applied to herbal medicines samples—Taraxacun officinale weber, Eucalyptus globulus and Harpagophytum procumbens DC—sold on the market. A critical comparison with spectroscopic measurements is also discussed.