USE OF BIOGAS AS A RAW MATERIAL AND ENGINE FUEL IN ENERGY AND TRANSPORT

A. A. Lisoval
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Abstract

In the article, based on existing global trends, legislative incentives for climate-friendly development of economic sectors, the place of biogas as a raw material and engine fuel in the decarbonization of energy and transport in Ukraine is substantiated. To reduce greenhouse gas emissions, most countries are making the transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources. In EU countries, renewable energy with a Green Deal label was equated with energy obtained from the combustion of natural gas. In Ukraine, biomethane is legislated as an alternative gas fuel similar to natural gas. The raw material for biomethane is biogas. In Ukraine, biomethane is not produced on an industrial scale due to the lack of special purification and enrichment technologies at biogas stations. In Ukraine, it is necessary to start producing biomethane on an industrial scale and use the natural gas infrastructure for transporting biomethane. An existing quantity and quality of treatment technologies of biogas plants allow the use of biogas as an independent fuel in cogeneration plants in the immediate vicinity of biogas plants. Calculation of the heat balance of the drive gas engine (8-cylinder, 100 mm cylinder diameter, 88 mm stroke) showed that in addition to generating 30 kW of electrical energy, it is possible to obtain additionally up to 162 MJ of thermal energy without taking heat from the lubrication system. When generating only electrical energy, the efficiency installation in nominal mode is about 30%, and with cogeneration – it increases to 75%. The next step is – the use of biogas as an additive to natural gas in reciprocating internal combustion engines on cars, buses and special agricultural machinery at the local or regional level. The results of research on the 8Ch10/8.8 gas combustion engine ensured the transition from quantitative to qualitative regulation of the fuel mixture of natural gas with biogas additives. An interdependent regulation algorithm has been developed for mixed fuel. With an increase in load, the share of biogas decreases, the mixture is enriched with natural gas. At a load of 75% or more, the enrichment of the fuel mixture occurs more intensively.
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利用沼气作为能源和运输的原料和发动机燃料
在文章中,基于现有的全球趋势,对经济部门气候友好型发展的立法激励,沼气作为原材料和发动机燃料在乌克兰能源和运输脱碳中的地位得到证实。为了减少温室气体排放,大多数国家正在从化石燃料向可再生能源过渡。在欧盟国家,带有绿色协议标签的可再生能源等同于从天然气燃烧中获得的能源。在乌克兰,生物甲烷被立法定为与天然气类似的替代天然气燃料。生物甲烷的原料是沼气。在乌克兰,由于生物气站缺乏特殊的净化和浓缩技术,生物甲烷没有以工业规模生产。在乌克兰,有必要开始以工业规模生产生物甲烷,并利用天然气基础设施运输生物甲烷。沼气厂现有的处理技术的数量和质量允许在紧邻沼气厂的热电联产厂使用沼气作为一种独立的燃料。对驱动燃气发动机(8缸,缸径100毫米,冲程88毫米)的热平衡计算表明,除了产生30千瓦的电能外,还可以在不从润滑系统获取热量的情况下额外获得高达162兆焦耳的热能。当只产生电能时,在标称模式下的效率安装约为30%,而与热电联产-它增加到75%。下一步是在地方或区域一级使用沼气作为天然气的添加剂,用于汽车、公共汽车和特殊农业机械的往复式内燃机。8Ch10/8.8燃气内燃机的研究成果,保证了天然气与沼气添加剂混合燃料由定量调控向定性调控的过渡。针对混合燃料,提出了一种相互依赖的调节算法。随着负荷的增加,沼气的比重降低,混合气富集天然气。在负荷为75%或更高时,燃料混合物的富集发生得更强烈。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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