Torrential Floods and Soil Erosion

Slađan Đikić
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Abstract

Floods on large rivers and torrential floods are the most common natural disasters in the Republic of Serbia. Floods on rivers are natural phenomena that go far beyond the framework of water management and hydro-technical measures. Given the distribution of hilly and mountainous areas in the Republic of Serbia and the developed hydrographic network, torrential floods occur very often, almost every year. Torrential floods and soil erosion are inseparable natural phenomena that shaped the relief long before the appearance of living beings on Earth. Erosion processes are difficult to notice and slow and are most often noticed only when large areas are exposed, and then the problem of erosion becomes a difficult-to-solve or unsolvable problem. For the classification of erosion processes in the Republic of Serbia, the EPM method (erosion potential method) is used, which classifies erosion into five categories that have their own quantitative characteristics.
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洪水和水土流失
大河洪水和特大洪水是塞尔维亚共和国最常见的自然灾害。河流洪水是一种自然现象,远远超出了水管理和水利技术措施的范围。考虑到塞尔维亚共和国丘陵和山区的分布以及发达的水文网,几乎每年都会发生特大洪水。洪水和水土流失是不可分割的自然现象,早在地球上有生物出现之前就形成了地貌。侵蚀过程难以察觉且缓慢,通常只有在大面积暴露时才会被发现,然后侵蚀问题就变成了难以解决或无法解决的问题。对于塞尔维亚共和国的侵蚀过程分类,使用了EPM方法(侵蚀潜力方法),该方法将侵蚀分为五类,每一类都有自己的数量特征。
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