Pan-TRK immunohistochemistry as a tool in the screening for NTRK gene fusions in cancer patients

IF 0.3 Q4 ONCOLOGY Oncology in Clinical Practice Pub Date : 2023-05-29 DOI:10.5603/ocp.2023.0024
M. Durzyńska, I. Michalek
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Therapy with TRK inhibitors is a tumor-agnostic treatment directed against specific molecular changes rather than cancer type. NTRK fusions are rare in most prevalent cancers, accounting for less than 0.5% of cases. However, there is a group of rare cancers in which NTRK fusion is more prevalent. These include secretory carcinoma of the breast and salivary gland, childhood sarcomas, such as infantile fibrosarcoma, and cellular and mixed con - genital mesoblastic nephroblastoma. The most common rearrangement pertains to NTRK3 and the most common fusion gene is ETV6 . Identifying patients with NTRK gene fusions who would likely benefit from targeted therapy with TRK inhibitors requires practical diagnostic tools and an appropriate management strategy of diagnostic trajectory. The fusions can be detected by molecular biology techniques or pan-TRK immunohistochemistry. The latter detects NTRK1/2/3 gene fusions independently of the resulting fusion gene but does not determine which of them has been rearranged or what the fusion partner is. The sensitivity and specificity of the method reach 97% and 100%, respectively. Other advantages include the relatively low cost, short duration of examination, and broad accessibility of immunohistochemistry laboratories. These characteristics make this method a useful screening tool for detecting patients with NTRK gene fusions.
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泛trk免疫组化作为筛选肿瘤患者NTRK基因融合的工具
TRK抑制剂治疗是一种针对特定分子变化而不是癌症类型的肿瘤不可知治疗。NTRK融合在大多数流行的癌症中是罕见的,占不到0.5%的病例。然而,有一组罕见的癌症中,NTRK融合更为普遍。这些包括乳腺和唾液腺的分泌性癌,儿童肉瘤,如婴儿纤维肉瘤,细胞性和混合性生殖间质肾母细胞瘤。最常见的重排与NTRK3有关,最常见的融合基因是ETV6。识别可能受益于TRK抑制剂靶向治疗的NTRK基因融合患者需要实用的诊断工具和适当的诊断轨迹管理策略。融合物可以通过分子生物学技术或泛trk免疫组织化学检测。后者独立于产生的融合基因检测NTRK1/2/3基因融合,但不确定其中哪一个已被重新排列或融合伙伴是什么。方法的灵敏度和特异度分别达到97%和100%。其他优点包括成本相对较低,检查时间短,以及免疫组织化学实验室的广泛可及性。这些特点使该方法成为检测NTRK基因融合患者的有用筛选工具。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
0.90
自引率
20.00%
发文量
46
审稿时长
15 weeks
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