CO emissions from degrading plant matter (II).: Estimate of a global source strength

IF 2.3 4区 地球科学 Q3 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES Tellus Series B-Chemical and Physical Meteorology Pub Date : 1999-11-01 DOI:10.3402/TELLUSB.V51I5.16503
G. Schade, P. Crutzen
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引用次数: 47

Abstract

From relationships between integrated daily CO emissions and received solar radiation obtained for different standing dead grasses in field experiments in a savanna region in South Africa, and making use of ecosystem and solar irradiation databases, we derive estimates on global CO production and seasonality from photochemical decay of dry grasses and litter. The photochemical CO source strength from standing dead plant material and litter in various grassland ecosystems and deciduous forests ranges from 20 to 65 Tg CO per year (1 Tg = 10 12 g). Accounting for potentially CO emitting ecosystems not included in the data set, we estimate that 60 ± 30 Tg of CO are annually emitted by photochemical degradation of decaying plant matter, mostly in the tropics. We further estimate thermal CO production from the global topsoil non-woody litter pool on the basis of global climate data and measured Arrhenius parameters to add another 40 Tg CO per year, much depending on the chosen parameters, and probably uncertain by a factor of 2. The total global source of CO by these mechanisms may thus be in the range 100 +70 −50 Tg CO per year. Although the estimated CO source strength is a relatively small contribution to the global CO budget (2–8%), CO emissions may significantly compensate for CO deposition on soils in the tropics during certain times of the year. Currently, modelling studies mostly impose a constant CO deposition velocity from the atmosphere to the soil surface, based generally on measurements on bare soil. Future modelling efforts may need to include geographical and photochemical factors which play a role in CO exchange in tropical ecosystems. DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0889.1999.t01-4-00004.x
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降解植物物质的CO排放(II):对全球源强度的估计
根据南非热带草原不同枯死禾草的日总CO排放量与接收太阳辐射的关系,利用生态系统和太阳辐射数据库,估算了枯死禾草和凋落物光化学衰变的全球CO产量和季节性。各种草地生态系统和落叶林中枯死植物和凋落物的光化学CO源强度为每年20 - 65 Tg CO (1 Tg = 10 - 12 g)。考虑到数据集中未包括的潜在CO排放生态系统,我们估计腐烂植物物质的光化学降解每年排放60±30 Tg CO,主要在热带地区。基于全球气候数据和测量的Arrhenius参数,我们进一步估算了全球表土非木质凋落物库的热CO产量,每年再增加40 Tg CO,这在很大程度上取决于所选择的参数,并且可能不确定系数为2。因此,通过这些机制产生的CO的全球总来源可能在每年100 +70 - 50 Tg CO的范围内。虽然估计的CO源强度对全球CO收支的贡献相对较小(2-8%),但CO排放可能在一年中的某些时间显著补偿热带土壤上的CO沉积。目前,模拟研究大多基于对裸露土壤的测量,假设大气到土壤表面的CO沉积速度是恒定的。未来的模拟工作可能需要包括在热带生态系统CO交换中起作用的地理和光化学因素。DOI: 10.1034 / j.1600 0889.1999.t01 - 4 - 00004. x
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期刊介绍: Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology along with its sister journal Tellus A: Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography, are the international, peer-reviewed journals of the International Meteorological Institute in Stockholm, an independent non-for-profit body integrated into the Department of Meteorology at the Faculty of Sciences of Stockholm University, Sweden. Aiming to promote the exchange of knowledge about meteorology from across a range of scientific sub-disciplines, the two journals serve an international community of researchers, policy makers, managers, media and the general public.
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