Reducing touching eyes, nose and mouth (‘T-zone’) to reduce the spread of infectious disease: A prospective study of motivational, volitional and non-reflective predictors

IF 3.5 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL British Journal of Health Psychology Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI:10.1111/bjhp.12660
Mackenzie Wilson, Zachary M. van Allen, Jeremy M. Grimshaw, Jamie C. Brehaut, Audrey Durand, Jean-François Lalonde, Douglas G. Manuel, Susan Michie, Robert West, Justin Presseau
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Abstract

Background

The route into the body for many pathogens is through the eyes, nose and mouth (i.e., the ‘T-zone’) via inhalation or fomite-based transfer during face touching. It is important to understand factors that are associated with touching the T-zone to inform preventive strategies.

Purpose

To identify theory-informed predictors of intention to reduce facial ‘T-zone’ touching and self-reported ‘T-zone’ touching.

Methods

We conducted a nationally representative prospective questionnaire study of Canadians. Respondents were randomized to answer questions about touching their eyes, nose, or mouth with a questionnaire assessing 11 factors from an augmented Health Action Process Approach at baseline: intention, outcome expectancies, risk perception, individual severity, self-efficacy, action planning, coping planning, social support, automaticity, goal facilitation and stability of context. At 2-week follow-up, we assessed HAPA-based indicators of self-regulatory activities (awareness of standards, effort, self-monitoring) and self-reported behaviour (primary dependent variable).

Results

Of 656 Canadian adults recruited, 569 responded to follow-up (87% response rate). Across all areas of the ‘T-zone’, outcome expectancy was the strongest predictor of intention to reduce facial ‘T-zone’ touching, while self-efficacy was a significant predictor for only the eyes and mouth. Automaticity was the strongest predictor of behaviour at the 2-week follow-up. No sociodemographic or psychological factors predicted behaviour, with the exception of self-efficacy, which negatively predicted eye touching.

Conclusion

Findings suggest that focusing on reflective processes may increase intention to reduce ‘T-zone’ touching, while reducing actual ‘T-zone’ touching may require strategies that address the automatic nature of this behaviour.

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减少触摸眼睛、鼻子和嘴巴(“区域”)以减少传染病的传播:一项动机、意志和非反思性预测因素的前瞻性研究。
背景:许多病原体进入体内的途径是通过眼睛、鼻子和嘴巴(即“T区”),在面部触摸过程中通过吸入或基于fomite的转移。了解与接触T区相关的因素对制定预防策略很重要。目的:确定减少面部T区触摸和自我报告的T区触摸的理论预测因素。方法:我们对加拿大人进行了一项具有全国代表性的前瞻性问卷调查。受访者被随机分配回答有关触摸眼睛、鼻子或嘴巴的问题,问卷评估了基线时增强健康行动过程方法的11个因素:意图、结果预期、风险感知、个人严重程度、自我效能、行动计划、应对计划、社会支持、自动化、目标促进和情境稳定性。在2周的随访中,我们评估了基于HAPA的自我调节活动指标(对标准的认识、努力、自我监测)和自我报告行为(主要因变量)。结果:在656名被招募的加拿大成年人中,569人对随访有反应(87%的反应率)。在“T区”的所有区域,预期结果是减少面部“T区“触摸意图的最强预测因素,而自我效能感仅对眼睛和嘴巴是一个重要的预测因素。在2周的随访中,自动化是行为的最强预测因素。除了自我效能之外,没有任何社会人口统计学或心理因素可以预测行为,自我效能对眼睛触摸有负面预测。结论:研究结果表明,关注反思过程可能会增加减少“T区”触摸的意图,而减少实际的“T区“触摸可能需要解决这种行为的自动性质的策略。
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来源期刊
British Journal of Health Psychology
British Journal of Health Psychology PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL-
CiteScore
14.10
自引率
1.30%
发文量
58
期刊介绍: The focus of the British Journal of Health Psychology is to publish original research on various aspects of psychology that are related to health, health-related behavior, and illness throughout a person's life. The journal specifically seeks articles that are based on health psychology theory or discuss theoretical matters within the field.
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