Saline extract of Portulaca elatior leaves with photoprotective and antioxidant activities does not show acute oral and dermal toxicity in mice.

IF 1.6 4区医学 Q4 TOXICOLOGY Toxicological Research Pub Date : 2022-12-07 eCollection Date: 2023-04-01 DOI:10.1007/s43188-022-00160-2

Suéllen Pedrosa da Silva, Clarice Barbosa Lucena da Costa, Anderson Felipe Soares de Freitas, José Dayvid Ferreira da Silva, Wêndeo Kennedy Costa, Wênio Sandoval Filho Lima da Silva, Janaina Carla Barbosa Machado, Sandra Maria Souza da Silva, Magda Rhayanny Assunção Ferreira, Luiz Alberto Lira Soares, Jacinto da Costa Silva Neto, Márcia Vanusa da Silva, Alisson Macário de Oliveira, Patrícia Maria Guedes Paiva, Thiago Henrique Napoleão

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Abstract

The present study aimed to evaluate saline extracts from the leaves (LE) and stem (SE) of Portulaca elatior in relation to their phytochemical composition and photoprotective and antioxidant effects, as well as to evaluate the toxicity of the leaf extract. The extracts were characterized for protein concentration and phenol and flavonoid contents, as well as for thin layer chromatography (TLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) profiles. Total antioxidant capacity and DPPH and ABTS⁺ scavenging activities were determined. In the photoprotective activity assay, the sun protection factor (SPF) was calculated. The toxicity evaluation of LE included in vitro hemolytic assay and in vivo oral and dermal acute toxicity assays in Swiss mice. LE showed the highest protein, phenol, and flavonoid (8.79 mg/mL, 323.46 mg GAE/g, and 101.96 QE/g, respectively). TLC revealed the presence of flavonoids, reducing sugars, terpenes, and steroids in both extracts. In HPLC profiles, LE contained flavonoids, while SE contained flavonoids and ellagic tannins. The antioxidant activity assays showed the lowest IC₅₀ values (34.15-413.3 µg/mL) for LE, which presented relevant SPF (> 6) at 50 and 100 µg/mL. LE demonstrated low hemolytic capacity, and no signs of intoxication were observed in mice treated orally or topically at 1000 mg/kg. However, at 2000 mg/kg, an increase in the mean corpuscular volume of erythrocytes and a reduction in lymphocytes were observed; animals treated topically with 2000 mg/kg displayed scratching behavior during the first hour of observation and showed edema and erythema that regressed after six days. In conclusion, LE did not present acute oral or dermal toxicity in Swiss mice at a dose of 1000 mg/kg and showed slight toxicity in animals treated with 2000 mg/kg.

Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s43188-022-00160-2.

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马齿苋叶片生理盐水提取物具有光保护和抗氧化活性，对小鼠无急性口服和皮肤毒性。

本研究旨在评估马齿苋叶（LE）和茎（SE）的盐水提取物的植物化学组成、光保护和抗氧化作用，并评估叶提取物的毒性。对提取物的蛋白质浓度、苯酚和类黄酮含量以及薄层色谱（TLC）和高效液相色谱（HPLC）图谱进行了表征。测定了总抗氧化能力、DPPH和ABTS+清除活性。在光保护活性测定中，计算防晒系数（SPF）。LE的毒性评估包括瑞士小鼠的体外溶血试验和体内口服和真皮急性毒性试验。LE表现出最高的蛋白质、酚和类黄酮（分别为8.79 mg/mL、323.46 mg GAE/g和101.96 QE/g）。TLC显示两种提取物中都存在黄酮类化合物、还原糖、萜烯和类固醇。在HPLC图谱中，LE含有黄酮类化合物，而SE含有黄酮类和鞣花单宁。抗氧化活性测定显示IC50值最低（34.15-413.3µg/mL），呈现相关SPF（> 6）在50和100µg/mL。LE表现出低溶血能力，在口服或局部1000 mg/kg的小鼠中未观察到中毒迹象。然而，在2000 mg/kg时，观察到红细胞的平均红细胞体积增加，淋巴细胞减少；用2000mg/kg局部处理的动物在观察的第一个小时内表现出抓挠行为，并且在六天后表现出消退的水肿和红斑。总之，LE在1000 mg/kg剂量的瑞士小鼠中没有表现出急性口服或皮肤毒性，在2000 mg/kg剂量的动物中表现出轻微毒性。补充信息：在线版本包含补充材料，请访问10.1007/s43188-022-00160-2。

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来源期刊

Toxicological Research TOXICOLOGY-

CiteScore

4.20

自引率

4.30%

发文量

期刊介绍： Toxicological Research is the official journal of the Korean Society of Toxicology. The journal covers all areas of Toxicological Research of chemicals, drugs and environmental agents affecting human and animals, which in turn impact public health. The journal’s mission is to disseminate scientific and technical information on diverse areas of toxicological research. Contributions by toxicologists, molecular biologists, geneticists, biochemists, pharmacologists, clinical researchers and epidemiologists with a global view on public health through toxicological research are welcome. Emphasis will be given to articles providing an understanding of the toxicological mechanisms affecting animal, human and public health. In the case of research articles using natural extracts, detailed information with respect to the origin, extraction method, chemical profiles, and characterization of standard compounds to ensure the reproducible pharmacological activity should be provided.