Spatial alignment supports comparison of life science images.

IF 2.7 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Journal of Experimental Psychology-Applied Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-04-06 DOI:10.1037/xap0000471
Nina K Simms, Bryan J Matlen, Benjamin D Jee, Dedre Gentner
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Abstract

Visual comparisons are pervasive in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) instruction and practice. In previous work, adults' visual comparisons of simple stimuli were faster and more accurate when the layout of a display facilitated alignment of corresponding elements-the spatial alignment principle (Matlen et al., 2020). Here, we asked whether the spatial alignment principle extends to rich, educationally relevant stimuli, and how prior experience and spatial skill relate to spatial alignment effects. Participants were asked to find an incorrect bone within a skeleton, presented individually or paired with a correct skeleton in a layout that did (direct placement) or did not (impeded placement) support alignment (Kurtz & Gentner, 2013). Consistent with the spatial alignment principle, undergraduates (Study 1) showed an advantage of direct over impeded placement. Middle schoolers (Study 2) showed a direct advantage on items presented in atypical orientations. That atypical items showed the strongest effects suggests that direct placement may help most when materials are less familiar. However, neither individual differences in undergraduates' STEM course history, nor undergraduates' or middle schoolers' spatial skills moderated spatial alignment effects. Thus, applying the spatial alignment principle in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics has potential to improve visual comparisons, especially those that are challenging, for students of all spatial skill levels. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

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空间配准支持生命科学图像的比较。
视觉比较在科学、技术、工程和数学(STEM)教学和实践中非常普遍。在之前的研究中,如果显示屏的布局有利于相应元素的对齐--即空间对齐原则(Matlen 等人,2020 年),成人对简单刺激物的视觉比较会更快更准确。在此,我们想知道空间对齐原则是否适用于丰富的、与教育相关的刺激,以及先前的经验和空间技能与空间对齐效应的关系。我们要求参与者在一个骨架中找到一个错误的骨头,该骨架可单独呈现,也可与一个正确的骨架配对,其布局支持(直接放置)或不支持(阻碍放置)对齐(Kurtz & Gentner, 2013)。与空间对齐原则一致,本科生(研究 1)表现出直接摆放比阻碍摆放更有优势。初中生(研究 2)在以非典型方向呈现的项目上表现出直接优势。非典型项目显示出最强的效果,这表明当材料不太熟悉时,直接放置可能最有帮助。然而,无论是本科生的 STEM 课程历史个体差异,还是本科生或初中生的空间技能个体差异,都没有调节空间排列效应。因此,在科学、技术、工程和数学中应用空间对齐原则有可能改善视觉比较,尤其是那些具有挑战性的视觉比较,适合所有空间技能水平的学生。(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, 版权所有)。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.90
自引率
3.80%
发文量
110
期刊介绍: The mission of the Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied® is to publish original empirical investigations in experimental psychology that bridge practically oriented problems and psychological theory. The journal also publishes research aimed at developing and testing of models of cognitive processing or behavior in applied situations, including laboratory and field settings. Occasionally, review articles are considered for publication if they contribute significantly to important topics within applied experimental psychology. Areas of interest include applications of perception, attention, memory, decision making, reasoning, information processing, problem solving, learning, and skill acquisition.
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