Ming Ren Toh , Evelyn Yi Ting Wong , Sunny Hei Wong , Alvin Wei Tian Ng , Lit-Hsin Loo , Pierce Kah-Hoe Chow , Joanne Ngeow
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引用次数: 28
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading cancers worldwide. Classically, HCC develops in genetically susceptible individuals who are exposed to risk factors, especially in the presence of liver cirrhosis. Significant temporal and geographic variations exist for HCC and its etiologies. Over time, the burden of HCC has shifted from the low–moderate to the high sociodemographic index regions, reflecting the transition from viral to nonviral causes. Geographically, the hepatitis viruses predominate as the causes of HCC in Asia and Africa. Although there are genetic conditions that confer increased risk for HCC, these diagnoses are rarely recognized outside North America and Europe. In this review, we will evaluate the epidemiologic trends and risk factors of HCC, and discuss the genetics of HCC, including monogenic diseases, single-nucleotide polymorphisms, gut microbiome, and somatic mutations.
期刊介绍：
Gastroenterology is the most prominent journal in the field of gastrointestinal disease. It is the flagship journal of the American Gastroenterological Association and delivers authoritative coverage of clinical, translational, and basic studies of all aspects of the digestive system, including the liver and pancreas, as well as nutrition.
Some regular features of Gastroenterology include original research studies by leading authorities, comprehensive reviews and perspectives on important topics in adult and pediatric gastroenterology and hepatology. The journal also includes features such as editorials, correspondence, and commentaries, as well as special sections like "Mentoring, Education and Training Corner," "Diversity, Equity and Inclusion in GI," "Gastro Digest," "Gastro Curbside Consult," and "Gastro Grand Rounds."
Gastroenterology also provides digital media materials such as videos and "GI Rapid Reel" animations. It is abstracted and indexed in various databases including Scopus, Biological Abstracts, Current Contents, Embase, Nutrition Abstracts, Chemical Abstracts, Current Awareness in Biological Sciences, PubMed/Medline, and the Science Citation Index.
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