Prevalence and risk factors for pediatric acute and chronic malnutrition: A multi-site tertiary medical center study in Thailand.

IF 1.3 4区 医学 Q4 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI:10.6133/apjcn.202303_32(1).0013
Suchaorn Saengnipanthkul, Amnuayporn Apiraksakorn, Narumon Densupsoontorn, Nalinee Chongviriyaphan
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Abstract

Background and objectives: Malnutrition is a major public health concern that increases morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients, particularly those in developing countries. This study aimed to investigate its prevalence, risk factors, and impact on clinical outcomes in hospitalized children and adolescents.

Methods and study design: We conducted a prospective cohort study in patients aged 1 month to 18 years who were admitted to four tertiary care hospitals between December 2018 and May 2019. We collected demographic data, clinical information, and nutritional assessment within 48 hours of admission.

Results: A total of 816 patients with 883 admissions were included. Their median age was 5.3 years (interquartile range 9.3). Most patients (88.9%) were admitted with mild medical conditions (e.g., minor infection) or noninvasive procedures. The prevalence of overall malnutrition was 44.5%, while that of acute and chronic malnutrition was 14.3% and 23.6%, respectively. Malnutrition was significantly associated with age ≤2 years, preexisting diseases (cerebral palsy, chronic cardiac diseases, and bronchopulmonary dysplasia), and muscle wasting. Addi-tional risk factors for chronic malnutrition included biliary atresia, intestinal malabsorption, chronic kidney disease, as well as inability to eat and decreased food intake for >7 days. Malnourished patients had a significantly longer hospitalization duration, higher hospital cost, and nosocomial infection rates than did well-nourished patients.

Conclusions: Patients with chronic medical conditions on admission are at risk for malnutrition. Therefore, determination of admission nutritional status must be assessed, and its management are requisites for improved inpatient outcomes.

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儿童急性和慢性营养不良的患病率和危险因素:泰国多站点三级医疗中心研究。
背景和目标:营养不良是一个主要的公共卫生问题,会增加住院病人的发病率和死亡率,特别是在发展中国家。本研究旨在探讨其在住院儿童和青少年中的流行程度、危险因素及其对临床结果的影响。方法和研究设计:我们对2018年12月至2019年5月在四家三级医院住院的1个月至18岁的患者进行了一项前瞻性队列研究。我们收集了入院48小时内的人口统计数据、临床信息和营养评估。结果:共纳入816例患者,入院883例。他们的中位年龄为5.3岁(四分位数差9.3)。大多数患者(88.9%)入院时病情轻微(如轻微感染)或接受非侵入性手术。总体营养不良患病率为44.5%,急性和慢性营养不良患病率分别为14.3%和23.6%。营养不良与年龄≤2岁、先前存在的疾病(脑瘫、慢性心脏病和支气管肺发育不良)和肌肉萎缩显著相关。慢性营养不良的其他危险因素包括胆道闭锁、肠道吸收不良、慢性肾脏疾病以及无法进食和食物摄入量减少超过7天。与营养良好的患者相比,营养不良患者的住院时间更长,住院费用更高,医院感染率也更高。结论:入院时患有慢性疾病的患者存在营养不良的风险。因此,必须评估入院营养状况的确定,并对其进行管理是改善住院预后的必要条件。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.50
自引率
7.70%
发文量
58
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: The aims of the Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition (APJCN) are to publish high quality clinical nutrition relevant research findings which can build the capacity of clinical nutritionists in the region and enhance the practice of human nutrition and related disciplines for health promotion and disease prevention. APJCN will publish original research reports, reviews, short communications and case reports. News, book reviews and other items will also be included. The acceptance criteria for all papers are the quality and originality of the research and its significance to our readership. Except where otherwise stated, manuscripts are peer-reviewed by at least two anonymous reviewers and the Editor. The Editorial Board reserves the right to refuse any material for publication and advises that authors should retain copies of submitted manuscripts and correspondence as material cannot be returned. Final acceptance or rejection rests with the Editorial Board
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