Sacral Fractures: A Review.

Abstract

At the cornerstone of the pelvis and spine, the sacrum may be fractured in patients of all ages. Sacral fractures range from high-energy injuries, with mortality rates of up to 18%, to low-energy insufficiency fractures. The intricate geometry of the sacrum, the breadth of morphotypes, and the presence of congenital anomalies all can complicate the treatment of these fractures. Agreement on the surgical indications for these injuries is limited. This narrative review aims to update orthopedic surgeons on the clinical evaluation and the non-surgical and surgical management of these fractures.