Lessons from Acquired Natural Immunity and Clinical Trials to Inform Next-Generation Human Cytomegalovirus Vaccine Development.

IF 8.1 1区 医学 Q1 VIROLOGY Annual Review of Virology Pub Date : 2022-09-29 Epub Date: 2022-06-15 DOI:10.1146/annurev-virology-100220-010653
Xintao Hu, Hsuan-Yuan Wang, Claire E Otero, Jennifer A Jenks, Sallie R Permar
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Abstract

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection, the most common cause of congenital disease globally, affecting an estimated 1 million newborns annually, can result in lifelong sequelae in infants, such as sensorineural hearing loss and brain damage. HCMV infection also leads to a significant disease burden in immunocompromised individuals. Hence, an effective HCMV vaccine is urgently needed to prevent infection and HCMV-associated diseases. Unfortunately, despite more than five decades of vaccine development, no successful HCMV vaccine is available. This review summarizes what we have learned from acquired natural immunity, including innate and adaptive immunity; the successes and failures of HCMV vaccine human clinical trials; the progress in related animal models; and the analysis of protective immune responses during natural infection and vaccination settings. Finally, we propose novel vaccine strategies that will harness the knowledge of protective immunity and employ new technology and vaccine concepts to inform next-generation HCMV vaccine development.

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获得性自然免疫和临床试验的经验教训,为下一代人类巨细胞病毒疫苗的开发提供信息。
人类巨细胞病毒(HCMV)感染是全球最常见的先天性疾病原因,每年影响约100万新生儿,可能导致婴儿终身后遗症,如感音神经性听力损失和脑损伤。HCMV感染也会导致免疫功能受损个体的重大疾病负担。因此,迫切需要一种有效的HCMV疫苗来预防感染和HCMV相关疾病。不幸的是,尽管已经开发了50多年的疫苗,但还没有成功的HCMV疫苗。这篇综述总结了我们从获得性自然免疫中学到的东西,包括先天免疫和适应性免疫;HCMV疫苗人体临床试验的成功与失败;相关动物模型的进展;以及在自然感染和疫苗接种环境中保护性免疫反应的分析。最后,我们提出了新的疫苗策略,将利用保护性免疫的知识,并利用新技术和疫苗概念为下一代HCMV疫苗的开发提供信息。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
19.40
自引率
0.90%
发文量
28
期刊介绍: The Annual Review of Virology serves as a conduit for disseminating thrilling advancements in our comprehension of viruses spanning animals, plants, bacteria, archaea, fungi, and protozoa. Its reviews illuminate novel concepts and trajectories in basic virology, elucidating viral disease mechanisms, exploring virus-host interactions, and scrutinizing cellular and immune responses to virus infection. These reviews underscore the exceptional capacity of viruses as potent probes for investigating cellular function.
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