{"title":"Exemplification process in online education: a longitudinal study of mathematics teachers.","authors":"Eyüp Sevimli","doi":"10.1007/s10984-022-09440-y","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The examples used in the teaching-learning process of mathematics have a crucial role in fostering conceptual understanding, and some variables can affect instructors' qualified example usage. This longterm study focused on mathematics teachers' exemplification process in face-to-face and online learning environments. In this regard, the change in examples used by mathematics teachers were evaluated in terms of content preparation and presentation during the shift from face-to-face lectures to online classes. A longitudinal design was used in the study and the teaching processes of 14 middle-school mathematics teachers were observed over two semesters. Observation notes, course documents, and semi-structured interview data were analyzed, and content analysis findings were presented through descriptive statistics in order to compare content preferences in two different learning environments. The use of worked examples decreased, while the use of conceptual examples increased with the shift from face-to-face lectures to online classes. Also the length of time devoted to examples in online classes decreased, and examples were more teacher-centered. The interview revealed that mathematics teachers need support in terms of example preparation and presentation aspects in online learning environments. The other technological-pedagogical competencies that teachers might need to choose qualified examples in different teaching-learning environments are discussed in the light of relevant literature.</p>","PeriodicalId":39853,"journal":{"name":"LEARNING ENVIRONMENTS RESEARCH","volume":"26 2","pages":"491-514"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7000,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9707127/pdf/","citationCount":"1","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"LEARNING ENVIRONMENTS RESEARCH","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10984-022-09440-y","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2022/11/28 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Abstract
The examples used in the teaching-learning process of mathematics have a crucial role in fostering conceptual understanding, and some variables can affect instructors' qualified example usage. This longterm study focused on mathematics teachers' exemplification process in face-to-face and online learning environments. In this regard, the change in examples used by mathematics teachers were evaluated in terms of content preparation and presentation during the shift from face-to-face lectures to online classes. A longitudinal design was used in the study and the teaching processes of 14 middle-school mathematics teachers were observed over two semesters. Observation notes, course documents, and semi-structured interview data were analyzed, and content analysis findings were presented through descriptive statistics in order to compare content preferences in two different learning environments. The use of worked examples decreased, while the use of conceptual examples increased with the shift from face-to-face lectures to online classes. Also the length of time devoted to examples in online classes decreased, and examples were more teacher-centered. The interview revealed that mathematics teachers need support in terms of example preparation and presentation aspects in online learning environments. The other technological-pedagogical competencies that teachers might need to choose qualified examples in different teaching-learning environments are discussed in the light of relevant literature.
期刊介绍：
Learning Environments Research publishes original academic papers dealing with the study of learning environments, including theoretical reflections, reports of quantitative and qualitative research, critical and integrative literature reviews and meta-analyses, discussion of methodological issues, reports of the development and validation of assessment instruments, and reviews of books and evaluation instruments. The scope of the journal deliberately is very broad in terms of both substance and methods. `Learning environment'' refers to the social, physical, psychological and pedagogical contexts in which learning occurs and which affect student achievement and attitudes. The aim of the journal is to increase our understanding of pre-primary, primary, high school, college and university, and lifelong learning environments irrespective of subject area. Apart from classroom-level and school-level environments, special attention is given to the many out-of-school learning environments such as the home, science centres, and television, etc. The influence of the rapidly developing field of Information Technology with its whole new range of learning environments is an important aspect of the scope of the journal. A wide range of qualitative and quantitative methods for studying learning enviromnents, and the combination of qualitative and quantitative methods, are strongly encouraged. The journal has an affiliation with the American Educational Research Association''s Special Interest Group on the Study of Learning Environments. However, having Regional Editors and an Editorial Board from around the world ensures that LER is a truly international journal.
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