Does Language Distance Modulate the Contribution of Bilingualism to Cognitive Reserve in Seniors? A Systematic Review.

IF 2.7 4区医学 Q2 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY American Journal of Alzheimers Disease and Other Dementias Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI:10.1177/15333175231167223

Maria Teresa Carthery-Goulart, Adam John Privitera, Brendan Stuart Weekes

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Abstract

We report a systematic review and exploratory meta-regression investigating the hypothesis that the effects of bilingualism on cognitive reserve are modulated by the distance between the pair of languages a bilingual uses. An inclusive multiple database search was performed in order to identify all relevant published research conducted in bilingual seniors. A combination of qualitative and quantitative synthesis methods were used in order to investigate our research questions. Results suggest that healthy bilingual seniors speaking more distant language pairs show improved monitoring performance on cognitive tasks. Evidence regarding a modulatory influence of language distance (LD) on the age of dementia diagnosis was inconclusive due to the small number of published studies meeting our inclusion criteria. We recommend more detailed reporting of individual differences in bilingual experience to assess the impact of LD and other variables on typical cognitive aging and the development of dementia. Linguistic differences in samples should also be considered as a constraint on bilingual advantages in future studies. Preregistration: PROSPERO CRD42021238705; OSF DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/VPRBU.

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语言距离是否调节老年人双语对认知储备的贡献？系统回顾。

我们报告了一项系统综述和探索性元回归，研究了双语对认知储备的影响是由双语使用的两种语言之间的距离调节的假设。进行了包容性的多数据库搜索，以确定在双语老年人中进行的所有相关的已发表研究。为了研究我们的研究问题，我们采用了定性和定量相结合的合成方法。研究结果表明，健康的双语老年人在认知任务上的监测表现有所改善，他们说的语言对更远。关于语言距离（LD）对痴呆症诊断年龄的调节影响的证据是不确定的，因为少数已发表的研究符合我们的纳入标准。我们建议更详细地报告双语经验的个体差异，以评估LD和其他变量对典型认知衰老和痴呆症发展的影响。在未来的研究中，样本中的语言差异也应被视为双语优势的制约因素。预注册：PROSPERO CRD42021238705；OSF DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/VPRBU。

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来源期刊

American Journal of Alzheimers Disease and Other Dementias GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY-CLINICAL NEUROLOGY

CiteScore

5.40

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： American Journal of Alzheimer''s Disease and other Dementias® (AJADD) is for professionals on the frontlines of Alzheimer''s care, dementia, and clinical depression--especially physicians, nurses, psychiatrists, administrators, and other healthcare specialists who manage patients with dementias and their families. This journal is a member of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).