{"title":"Role of obesity related inflammation in pathogenesis of peripheral artery disease in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus.","authors":"Umashree Yadav, Nilesh Kumar, Kumar Sarvottam","doi":"10.1007/s40200-023-01221-5","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has emerged as one of the greatest global health challenges of twenty-first century. Visceral obesity is one of the most important determinant of insulin resistance (IR) as well as T2DM complications. Therefore this review focuses on the molecular mechanism of obesity induced inflammation, signaling pathways contributing to diabetes, as well as role of lifestyle interventions and medical therapies in the prevention and management of T2DM.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Articles were searched on digital data base PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. The key words used for search included Type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, insulin resistance, vascular inflammation and peripheral arterial disease.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Visceral obesity is associated with chronic low grade inflammation and activation of immune systems which are involved in pathogenesis of obesity related IR and T2DM.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Metabolic dysregulation of adipose tissue leads to local hypoxia, misfolded/unfolded protein response and increased circulating free fatty acids, which in turn initiate inflammatory signaling cascades in the population of infiltrating cells. Mechanism that relates the role of adipocytokines with insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis might throw a light on the development of therapeutic interventions and subsequently might result in the reduction of vascular complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":15635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders","volume":"22 1","pages":"175-188"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8000,"publicationDate":"2023-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10225462/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40200-023-01221-5","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2023/6/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Objective: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has emerged as one of the greatest global health challenges of twenty-first century. Visceral obesity is one of the most important determinant of insulin resistance (IR) as well as T2DM complications. Therefore this review focuses on the molecular mechanism of obesity induced inflammation, signaling pathways contributing to diabetes, as well as role of lifestyle interventions and medical therapies in the prevention and management of T2DM.
Method: Articles were searched on digital data base PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. The key words used for search included Type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, insulin resistance, vascular inflammation and peripheral arterial disease.
Result: Visceral obesity is associated with chronic low grade inflammation and activation of immune systems which are involved in pathogenesis of obesity related IR and T2DM.
Conclusion: Metabolic dysregulation of adipose tissue leads to local hypoxia, misfolded/unfolded protein response and increased circulating free fatty acids, which in turn initiate inflammatory signaling cascades in the population of infiltrating cells. Mechanism that relates the role of adipocytokines with insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis might throw a light on the development of therapeutic interventions and subsequently might result in the reduction of vascular complications.
目的:2型糖尿病(T2DM)已成为21世纪全球最大的健康挑战之一。内脏肥胖是胰岛素抵抗(IR)和T2DM并发症的最重要决定因素之一。因此,本文综述了肥胖诱导炎症的分子机制、导致糖尿病的信号通路,以及生活方式干预和药物治疗在预防和管理T2DM中的作用。方法:在PubMed、Cochrane Library和Web of Science的数字数据库中检索文章。用于搜索的关键词包括2型糖尿病、肥胖、胰岛素抵抗、血管炎症和外周动脉疾病。结果:内脏肥胖与慢性低度炎症和免疫系统激活有关,而免疫系统激活参与了肥胖相关的IR和T2DM的发病机制,继而在浸润细胞群中启动炎症信号级联反应。将脂肪细胞因子的作用与胰岛素敏感性和葡萄糖稳态联系起来的机制可能会为治疗干预措施的发展提供线索,并随后可能导致血管并发症的减少。
期刊介绍:
Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders is a peer reviewed journal which publishes original clinical and translational articles and reviews in the field of endocrinology and provides a forum of debate of the highest quality on these issues. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to, diabetes, lipid disorders, metabolic disorders, osteoporosis, interdisciplinary practices in endocrinology, cardiovascular and metabolic risk, aging research, obesity, traditional medicine, pychosomatic research, behavioral medicine, ethics and evidence-based practices.As of Jan 2018 the journal is published by Springer as a hybrid journal with no article processing charges. All articles published before 2018 are available free of charge on springerlink.Unofficial 2017 2-year Impact Factor: 1.816.