Retrospective characterisation and outcome of surgical treatment for cervical lymph node abscessation in 15 dogs.

IF 1.1 4区 农林科学 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES New Zealand veterinary journal Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI:10.1080/00480169.2023.2176938
T C Tang, B Ringwood, W Degroot
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Abstract

Case histories: Medical records of a private referral hospital (Veterinary Emergency Clinic, Toronto, Canada) and a university teaching hospital (Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA) were reviewed, using the search terms lymphadenectomy, lymph node extirpation, cervical lymphadenitis, and lymph node abscessation. Dogs (n = 15) with a diagnosis of cervical lymph node abscessations confirmed through histopathology that underwent surgery for treatment from January 2015-May 2022 were included in the study. Long-term follow-up data was obtained by an in-person visit or telephone interview with each owner. Dogs that met the inclusion criteria were of various breeds with a median age of 6 (min 0.5, max 12) years. All cases presented with cervical swelling and lethargy, with inappetence and fever in 5/15 dogs. The range of duration of clinical signs prior to treatment was 1-3 weeks. Seven dogs were treated with a short course of antibiotics, with or without prednisone, without successful resolution, before referral.

Clinical findings: Diagnostic imaging using CT or cervical ultrasound revealed enlargement of unilateral mandibular and retropharyngeal lymph nodes with regional cellulitis and oedema in four dogs, enlargement of unilateral retropharyngeal lymph nodes with regional cellulitis in eight dogs, and a right ventral cervical abscess infiltrating the right medial retropharyngeal lymph nodes with oedema in one dog. Unilateral or bilateral cervical lymph node abscessation was diagnosed by lymphadenectomy and histopathology of affected lymph nodes. Bacterial cultures from samples of excised lymph nodes were positive in six cases.

Treatment and outcome: Cervical exploration and lymphadenectomy were performed in all cases. Thirteen dogs received antibiotics along with surgical treatment. Resolution was defined as absence of cervical swelling or enlarged lymph node(s) at the time of long-term follow-up (median 300 (min 240, max 1,072) days). Most patients had resolution of clinical signs following surgical excision of affected lymph nodes. Two dogs had complications including recurrence of clinical signs and development of open wounds following surgery. Their clinical signs resolved following additional administration of antibiotics.

Conclusions and clinical relevance: All dogs in this series had lymphadenectomy of abscessed lymph nodes and showed resolution of clinical signs with a favourable outcome. As 13/15 dogs also received antibiotics in conjunction with surgical treatment, appropriate use of antimicrobials may also play a role in treatment of this disease process.

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15例犬颈部淋巴结脓肿手术治疗的回顾性分析。
病例史:检索了一家私立转诊医院(加拿大多伦多兽医急诊诊所)和一家大学教学医院(美国路易斯安那州巴吞鲁日路易斯安那州立大学)的病历,检索词为淋巴结切除术、淋巴结切除、宫颈淋巴结炎和淋巴结脓肿。研究纳入2015年1月至2022年5月接受手术治疗的颈部淋巴结脓肿诊断犬(n = 15)。长期随访数据通过对每个业主的亲自访问或电话访谈获得。符合纳入标准的狗是各种品种,平均年龄为6岁(最小0.5岁,最大12岁)。所有病例均表现为颈部肿胀、嗜睡,5/15犬食欲不振、发热。治疗前临床症状持续时间范围为1-3周。在转诊前,7只狗接受了短期抗生素治疗,有或没有强的松,没有成功解决。临床表现:4只犬CT或宫颈超声诊断示单侧下颌骨及咽后淋巴结肿大伴区域性蜂窝织炎及水肿,8只犬单侧咽后淋巴结肿大伴区域性蜂窝织炎,1只犬右侧腹侧颈脓肿浸润右侧内侧咽后淋巴结伴水肿。单侧或双侧颈部淋巴结脓肿经淋巴结切除及病理检查诊断。6例切除淋巴结标本细菌培养呈阳性。治疗和结果:所有病例均行宫颈探查和淋巴结切除术。13只狗在接受手术治疗的同时接受了抗生素治疗。消退定义为在长期随访时(中位300天(最短240天,最长1072天)没有颈椎肿胀或淋巴结肿大。大多数患者在手术切除受累淋巴结后临床症状得到缓解。两只狗有并发症,包括临床症状复发和手术后开放性伤口的发展。他们的临床症状在额外的抗生素治疗后得到缓解。结论和临床意义:本系列所有犬均行脓肿淋巴结切除术,临床症状消退,预后良好。由于13/15的狗在手术治疗的同时也接受了抗生素治疗,因此适当使用抗菌药物也可能在治疗该疾病过程中发挥作用。
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来源期刊
New Zealand veterinary journal
New Zealand veterinary journal 农林科学-兽医学
CiteScore
3.00
自引率
0.00%
发文量
37
审稿时长
12-24 weeks
期刊介绍: The New Zealand Veterinary Journal (NZVJ) is an international journal publishing high quality peer-reviewed articles covering all aspects of veterinary science, including clinical practice, animal welfare and animal health. The NZVJ publishes original research findings, clinical communications (including novel case reports and case series), rapid communications, correspondence and review articles, originating from New Zealand and internationally. Topics should be relevant to, but not limited to, New Zealand veterinary and animal science communities, and include the disciplines of infectious disease, medicine, surgery and the health, management and welfare of production and companion animals, horses and New Zealand wildlife. All submissions are expected to meet the highest ethical and welfare standards, as detailed in the Journal’s instructions for authors.
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