Characterization of γ-glutamyltransferase- and phytochelatin synthase-mediated catabolism of glutathione and glutathione S-conjugates in Arabidopsis thaliana.
{"title":"Characterization of γ-glutamyltransferase- and phytochelatin synthase-mediated catabolism of glutathione and glutathione <i>S</i>-conjugates in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>.","authors":"Ryota Inoue, Naoto Nakamura, Chie Matsumoto, Hisabumi Takase, Jiro Sekiya, Rafael Prieto","doi":"10.5511/plantbiotechnology.22.1003a","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Glutathione (GSH, γ-L-glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine) has been implicated in a multitude of cellular functions, such as protection of cells against oxidative stress, detoxification of xenobiotics via degradation of GSH <i>S</i>-conjugates, and disease resistance. Glutathione also serves as a precursor of phytochelatins, and thereby plays an essential role in heavy metal detoxification. The <i>Arabidopsis</i> genome encodes three functional γ-glutamyltransferase genes (<i>AtGGT1, AtGGT2, AtGGT4</i>) and two phytochelatin synthase genes (<i>AtPCS1</i>, <i>AtPCS2</i>). The function of plant GGT has not yet been clearly defined, although it is thought to be involved in GSH and GSH <i>S</i>-conjugate catabolism. On the other hand, besides its role in heavy metal detoxification, PCS has also been involved in GSH <i>S</i>-conjugate catabolism. Herein we describe the HPLC characterization of GSH and GSH <i>S</i>-conjugate catabolism in <i>Arabidopsis</i> mutants deficient in GSH biosynthesis (<i>pad2-1/gsh1</i>), <i>atggt</i> and <i>atpcs1</i> T-DNA insertion mutants, <i>atggt pad2-1</i>, <i>atggt atpcs1</i> double mutants, and the <i>atggt1 atggt4 atpcs1</i> triple mutant. The results of our HPLC analysis confirm that AtGGT and AtPCS play important roles in two different pathways related with GSH and GSH <i>S</i>-conjugate (GS-bimane) catabolism in <i>Arabidopsis</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":20411,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4000,"publicationDate":"2022-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10240914/pdf/plantbiotechnology-39-4-22.1003a.pdf","citationCount":"1","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Plant Biotechnology","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.5511/plantbiotechnology.22.1003a","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Abstract
Glutathione (GSH, γ-L-glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine) has been implicated in a multitude of cellular functions, such as protection of cells against oxidative stress, detoxification of xenobiotics via degradation of GSH S-conjugates, and disease resistance. Glutathione also serves as a precursor of phytochelatins, and thereby plays an essential role in heavy metal detoxification. The Arabidopsis genome encodes three functional γ-glutamyltransferase genes (AtGGT1, AtGGT2, AtGGT4) and two phytochelatin synthase genes (AtPCS1, AtPCS2). The function of plant GGT has not yet been clearly defined, although it is thought to be involved in GSH and GSH S-conjugate catabolism. On the other hand, besides its role in heavy metal detoxification, PCS has also been involved in GSH S-conjugate catabolism. Herein we describe the HPLC characterization of GSH and GSH S-conjugate catabolism in Arabidopsis mutants deficient in GSH biosynthesis (pad2-1/gsh1), atggt and atpcs1 T-DNA insertion mutants, atggt pad2-1, atggt atpcs1 double mutants, and the atggt1 atggt4 atpcs1 triple mutant. The results of our HPLC analysis confirm that AtGGT and AtPCS play important roles in two different pathways related with GSH and GSH S-conjugate (GS-bimane) catabolism in Arabidopsis.
期刊介绍:
Plant Biotechnology is an international, open-access, and online journal, published every three months by the Japanese Society for Plant Biotechnology. The journal, first published in 1984 as the predecessor journal, “Plant Tissue Culture Letters” and became its present form in 1997 when the society name was renamed to Japanese Society for Plant Cell and Molecular Biology, publishes findings in the areas from basic- to application research of plant biotechnology. The aim of Plant Biotechnology is to publish original and high-impact papers, in the most rapid turnaround time for reviewing, on the plant biotechnology including tissue culture, production of specialized metabolites, transgenic technology, and genome editing technology, and also on the related research fields including molecular biology, cell biology, genetics, plant breeding, plant physiology and biochemistry, metabolic engineering, synthetic biology, and bioinformatics.