Structure and Role of O-Linked Glycans in Viral Envelope Proteins.

IF 8.1 1区 医学 Q1 VIROLOGY Annual Review of Virology Pub Date : 2023-09-29 Epub Date: 2023-07-06 DOI:10.1146/annurev-virology-111821-121007
Sigvard Olofsson, Marta Bally, Edward Trybala, Tomas Bergström
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

N- and O-glycans are both important constituents of viral envelope glycoproteins. O-linked glycosylation can be initiated by any of 20 different human polypeptide O-acetylgalactosaminyl transferases, resulting in an important functional O-glycan heterogeneity. O-glycans are organized as solitary glycans or in clusters of multiple glycans forming mucin-like domains. They are functional both in the viral life cycle and in viral colonization of their host. Negatively charged O-glycans are crucial for the interactions between glycosaminoglycan-binding viruses and their host. A novel mechanism, based on controlled electrostatic repulsion, explains how such viruses solve the conflict between optimized viral attachment to target cells and efficient egress of progeny virus. Conserved solitary O-glycans appear important for viral uptake in target cells by contributing to viral envelope fusion. Dual roles of viral O-glycans in the host B cell immune response, either epitope blocking or epitope promoting, may be exploitable for vaccine development. Finally, specific virus-induced O-glycans may be involved in viremic spread.

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O-连接的甘氨酸在病毒包膜蛋白中的结构和作用。
N-和O-聚糖都是病毒包膜糖蛋白的重要组成部分。O-连接的糖基化可以由20种不同的人类多肽O-乙酰氨基半乳糖转移酶中的任何一种启动,导致重要的功能O-聚糖异质性。O-聚糖被组织为单独的聚糖或形成粘蛋白样结构域的多个聚糖的簇。它们在病毒生命周期和宿主的病毒定殖中都具有功能。带负电荷的O-聚糖对糖胺聚糖结合病毒与其宿主之间的相互作用至关重要。一种基于可控静电排斥的新机制解释了这种病毒如何解决病毒与靶细胞的最佳附着和子代病毒的有效排出之间的冲突。保存的孤立O-聚糖通过促进病毒包膜融合,对靶细胞中的病毒摄取似乎很重要。病毒O-聚糖在宿主B细胞免疫反应中的双重作用,即表位阻断或表位促进,可能可用于疫苗开发。最后,特定病毒诱导的O-聚糖可能参与病毒血症的传播。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
19.40
自引率
0.90%
发文量
28
期刊介绍: The Annual Review of Virology serves as a conduit for disseminating thrilling advancements in our comprehension of viruses spanning animals, plants, bacteria, archaea, fungi, and protozoa. Its reviews illuminate novel concepts and trajectories in basic virology, elucidating viral disease mechanisms, exploring virus-host interactions, and scrutinizing cellular and immune responses to virus infection. These reviews underscore the exceptional capacity of viruses as potent probes for investigating cellular function.
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