Ferret Systemic Coronavirus in Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Knockout Ferrets.

IF 1.3 4区 农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES Comparative medicine Pub Date : 2022-12-01 Epub Date: 2022-09-14 DOI:10.30802/AALAS-CM-22-000035
Andrea J Osborne, Shah S Hussain, Emily E Helman, Jeremy B Foote, Matti Kiupel, Steven M Rowe, Dalis E Collins
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Abstract

Ferret systemic coronavirus (FRSCV) causes a highly fatal disease of ferrets (Mustela putorius furo). It is believed to be a mutated variant of ferret enteric coronavirus (FRECV) and has a clinical presentation similar to that of feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV) in cats. The interplay of infectious diseases and host genetics will become a greater issue in the research environment as genetically modified species other than rodents become available due to advances in gene editing technology. In this case series, we present the clinical and histopathologic features of a FRSCV outbreak that affected 5 out of 10 ferrets with α-1 antitrypsin knockout (AAT KO) over an approximately 1-y period. Clinical features varied, with the affected ferrets presenting with some combination of wasting, hind limb paralysis, incontinence or sudden death. Multiple ferrets had gross pathologic lesions consistent with FRSCV, but the lesions were typically mild. Microscopic pyogranulomatous inflammation was present in 4 ferrets. Immunohistochemistry using an anti-feline coronavirus antibody that cross reacts with ferret coronavirus confirmed infection of intralesional macrophages in 4 out of 5 animals with suspected FRSCV infection. PCR testing of formalin fixed tissue was negative for all ferrets. PCR testing of feces from healthy wild-type ferrets indicated that the endemic presence of FRECV genotype 2, while PCR surveillance testing of other in-house AAT KO ferrets revealed both enteric coronavirus genotypes 1 and 2. This case series highlights the potential for greater disease incidence in the future as genetically modified ferrets are used more often, and may support exclusion of FRECV and similar viruses from highly susceptible ferret genotypes.

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α-1抗胰蛋白酶基因敲除雪貂体内的雪貂系统性冠状病毒。
雪貂全身冠状病毒(FRSCV)会导致雪貂(Mustela putorius furo)患上一种高度致命的疾病。据信,它是雪貂肠冠状病毒(FRECV)的变种,临床表现与猫的猫传染性腹膜炎病毒(FIPV)相似。随着基因编辑技术的发展,啮齿类动物以外的转基因物种也可以使用,传染病与宿主遗传学的相互作用将成为研究环境中的一个重要问题。在本病例系列中,我们介绍了一次 FRSCV 爆发的临床和组织病理学特征,在大约 1 年的时间里,10 只α-1 抗胰蛋白酶基因敲除(AAT KO)雪貂中有 5 只感染了 FRSCV。临床特征各不相同,受影响的雪貂表现为消瘦、后肢瘫痪、大小便失禁或猝死。多只雪貂的大体病变与 FRSCV 一致,但病变通常较轻。4 只雪貂出现了显微化脓性炎症。使用与雪貂冠状病毒有交叉反应的抗猫冠状病毒抗体进行免疫组织化学检测,证实 5 只疑似感染 FRSCV 的动物中有 4 只感染了区域内巨噬细胞。所有雪貂福尔马林固定组织的 PCR 检测结果均为阴性。对健康野生型雪貂粪便进行的 PCR 检测表明,FRECV 基因型 2 在雪貂中流行,而对其他内部 AAT KO 雪貂进行的 PCR 监测检测则发现了肠道冠状病毒基因型 1 和 2。该系列病例突出表明,随着转基因雪貂使用的日益频繁,未来可能会出现更多的疾病,并可能支持将 FRECV 和类似病毒排除在高易感基因型雪貂之外。
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来源期刊
Comparative medicine
Comparative medicine 医学-动物学
CiteScore
1.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
71
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Comparative Medicine (CM), an international journal of comparative and experimental medicine, is the leading English-language publication in the field and is ranked by the Science Citation Index in the upper third of all scientific journals. The mission of CM is to disseminate high-quality, peer-reviewed information that expands biomedical knowledge and promotes human and animal health through the study of laboratory animal disease, animal models of disease, and basic biologic mechanisms related to disease in people and animals.
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