The role of recollection and familiarity in visual working memory: A mixture of threshold and signal detection processes.

IF 5.1 1区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY Psychological review Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-15 DOI:10.1037/rev0000432
Andrew P Yonelinas
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Abstract

Whether working memory reflects a thresholded recollection process whereby only a limited number of items are maintained in memory, or a signal detection process in which each studied item is increased in familiarity strength, is a topic of considerable debate. A review of visual working memory studies that have examined receiver operating characteristics (ROCs) across a broad set of materials and test conditions indicates that both signal detection and threshold processes contribute to working memory. In addition, the role that these two processes play varies systematically across conditions, such that a threshold process plays a particularly critical role when binary old/new judgments are required, when changes are relatively discrete, and when the hippocampus does not contribute to performance. In contrast, a signal detection process plays a greater role when confidence judgments are required, when the materials or the changes are global in nature, and when the hippocampus contributes to performance. In addition, the ROC results indicate that in standard single-probe tests of working memory, items that are maintained in an active recollected state support both recall-to-accept and recall-to-reject responses; whereas in complex-probe tests, recollection preferentially supports recall-to-reject; and in item-recognition tests it preferentially supports recall-to-accept. Moreover, there is growing evidence that these threshold and strength-based processes are related to distinct states of conscious awareness whereby they support perceiving- and sensing-based responses, respectively. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

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回忆和熟悉在视觉工作记忆中的作用:阈值和信号检测过程的混合
工作记忆究竟是反映了一种阈值化的回忆过程,即记忆中只保留有限数量的项目,还是反映了一种信号检测过程,即每个学习项目的熟悉强度都在增加,这是一个颇有争议的话题。对视觉工作记忆研究的回顾表明,信号检测和阈值过程都有助于工作记忆。此外,这两种过程在不同条件下所起的作用也有系统性的差异,例如,当需要二元新旧判断、变化相对离散以及海马体对表现无贡献时,阈值过程就起着特别关键的作用。与此相反,当需要进行置信度判断、材料或变化具有整体性以及海马体对表现有贡献时,信号检测过程就会发挥更大的作用。此外,ROC 结果表明,在工作记忆的标准单探究测试中,保持积极回忆状态的项目既支持回忆-接受反应,也支持回忆-拒绝反应;而在复杂探究测试中,回忆优先支持回忆-拒绝反应;在项目识别测试中,回忆优先支持回忆-接受反应。此外,越来越多的证据表明,这些以阈值和强度为基础的过程与不同的意识状态有关,它们分别支持以感知和感觉为基础的反应。(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, 版权所有)。
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来源期刊
Psychological review
Psychological review 医学-心理学
CiteScore
9.70
自引率
5.60%
发文量
97
期刊介绍: Psychological Review publishes articles that make important theoretical contributions to any area of scientific psychology, including systematic evaluation of alternative theories.
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