Intakes of Total and Branched-Chain Essential Amino Acids are Positively Associated with Handgrip Strength in African American and White Urban Younger and Older Adults.

Abstract

Essential amino acids (EAAs) initiate amino acid-induced stimulation of muscle protein synthesis. Study objectives were to calculate intake of EAAs after creating an EAA database, to explore the association of EAAs and branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) with handgrip strength (HS) in a younger (<50 y) and older (≥50 y) sample, and to identify major food groups contributing EAAs. The sample consisted of African American and White adults aged, 33-71 years from the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity across the Life Span study, 2009-2013. Intake of total EAAs and BCAAs/kg body weight were positively associated (p < 0.001) with HS per body mass index (HS/BMI) ratio. Being male, African American, a nonsmoker, physically active, euglycemic, and normotensive were associated with higher HS/BMI ratio. EAAs were mainly obtained from red meats/poultry and mixed dishes groups. Findings support the role of high-quality proteins and being active in promoting HS.