Two Case Reports of Newly Diagnosed Crohn's Disease after COVID-19 in Pediatric Patients.

Abstract

Since the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 virus (SARS-CoV-2), various complications have been reported. Although most COVID-19 cases exhibited flu-like symptoms, COVID-19 may dysregulate the immune response and promote overwhelming levels of inflammation in some patients. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is caused by dysregulated or inappropriate immune responses to environmental factors in a genetically susceptible host, and a SARS-CoV-2 infection may act as a possible cause of IBD. This paper describes two pediatric patients who developed Crohn's disease following a SARS-CoV-2 infection. They were previously healthy before the SARS-CoV-2 infection. On the other hand, they started to develop fever and gastrointestinal symptoms several weeks after recovery from the infection. They were diagnosed with Crohn's disease by imaging and endoscopic studies, and their symptoms improved after treatment with steroids and azathioprine. This paper suggests that a SARS-CoV-2 infection may trigger IBD in predisposed patients.