Connectomes: from a sparsity of networks to large-scale databases.

IF 2.5 4区医学 Q2 MATHEMATICAL & COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY Frontiers in Neuroinformatics Pub Date : 2023-06-12 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI:10.3389/fninf.2023.1170337

Marcus Kaiser

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Abstract

The analysis of whole brain networks started in the 1980s when only a handful of connectomes were available. In these early days, information about the human connectome was absent and one could only dream about having information about connectivity in a single human subject. Thanks to non-invasive methods such as diffusion imaging, we now know about connectivity in many species and, for some species, in many individuals. To illustrate the rapid change in availability of connectome data, the UK Biobank is on track to record structural and functional connectivity in 100,000 human subjects. Moreover, connectome data from a range of species is now available: from Caenorhabditis elegans and the fruit fly to pigeons, rodents, cats, non-human primates, and humans. This review will give a brief overview of what structural connectivity data is now available, how connectomes are organized, and how their organization shows common features across species. Finally, I will outline some of the current challenges and potential future work in making use of connectome information.

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连接组：从稀疏网络到大规模数据库。

全脑网络分析始于 20 世纪 80 年代，当时只有少数几个连接组。在这些早期阶段，还没有关于人类连接组的信息，人们只能梦想获得单个人类研究对象的连接信息。多亏了扩散成像等非侵入性方法，我们现在才知道许多物种的连通性，对于某些物种，我们还知道许多个体的连通性。为了说明连接组数据可用性的快速变化，英国生物库有望记录 10 万名人类受试者的结构和功能连接。此外，现在还可以获得一系列物种的连接组数据：从秀丽隐杆线虫和果蝇到鸽子、啮齿动物、猫、非人灵长类动物和人类。这篇综述将简要概述目前有哪些结构连接数据，连接组是如何组织的，以及它们的组织如何显示出不同物种的共同特征。最后，我将概述在利用连接组信息方面当前面临的一些挑战和未来可能开展的工作。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Frontiers in Neuroinformatics MATHEMATICAL & COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY-NEUROSCIENCES

CiteScore

4.80

自引率

5.70%

发文量

132

审稿时长

14 weeks

期刊介绍： Frontiers in Neuroinformatics publishes rigorously peer-reviewed research on the development and implementation of numerical/computational models and analytical tools used to share, integrate and analyze experimental data and advance theories of the nervous system functions. Specialty Chief Editors Jan G. Bjaalie at the University of Oslo and Sean L. Hill at the École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne are supported by an outstanding Editorial Board of international experts. This multidisciplinary open-access journal is at the forefront of disseminating and communicating scientific knowledge and impactful discoveries to researchers, academics and the public worldwide. Neuroscience is being propelled into the information age as the volume of information explodes, demanding organization and synthesis. Novel synthesis approaches are opening up a new dimension for the exploration of the components of brain elements and systems and the vast number of variables that underlie their functions. Neural data is highly heterogeneous with complex inter-relations across multiple levels, driving the need for innovative organizing and synthesizing approaches from genes to cognition, and covering a range of species and disease states. Frontiers in Neuroinformatics therefore welcomes submissions on existing neuroscience databases, development of data and knowledge bases for all levels of neuroscience, applications and technologies that can facilitate data sharing (interoperability, formats, terminologies, and ontologies), and novel tools for data acquisition, analyses, visualization, and dissemination of nervous system data. Our journal welcomes submissions on new tools (software and hardware) that support brain modeling, and the merging of neuroscience databases with brain models used for simulation and visualization.