Chromosome damage in regions with different levels of air pollution

IF 2.3 4区 医学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis Pub Date : 2023-07-08 DOI:10.1002/em.22562
Petra Musilova, Dita Kadlcikova, Hana Hradska, Miluse Vozdova, Iveta Selingerova, Halina Cernohorska, Dusan Salat, Jiri Rubes
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Abstract

Air pollution is an important environmental factor influencing human health. In this study, we compared chromosome damage in city policemen from three cities in the Czech Republic: industrial Ostrava characterized by high levels of benzo[a]pyrene, Prague with heavy traffic emitting nitrogen oxides, and relatively clean Ceske Budejovice located in an area with predominantly agricultural activity. Chromosomal aberrations in lymphocytes were evaluated by fluorescence in situ hybridization with painting probes for chromosomes 1, 2, 3, and 4 in spring and autumn. An increase in the frequency of unstable chromosome aberrations, that is, dicentric chromosomes and acentric fragments, was observed in spring samples from Ostrava (p = .014 and p = .044, respectively) and Prague (p = .002 and p = .006, respectively) in comparison with Ceske Budejovice. The difference was significant only for samples taken after the winter period, when the concentration of pollutants in the air increases due to poor dispersion conditions. An increased frequency of dicentric chromosomes was observed in spring compared to autumn in both Ostrava and Prague (p = .017 and p = .023, respectively), but not in Ceske Budejovice. More breakpoints were observed on chromosome 1 than on the other chromosomes examined (p < .001). The number of breakpoints in the heterochromatin region 1p11-q12 was lower than in other parts of chromosome 1 (p < .001), suggesting a protective function of heterochromatin against damage. Our study showed, that air pollution increased the frequency of unstable chromosome aberrations, especially dicentric chromosomes. However, we did not show an effect on stable chromosome rearrangements.

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不同空气污染程度地区的染色体损伤
空气污染是影响人类健康的重要环境因素。在这项研究中,我们比较了来自捷克共和国三个城市的城市警察的染色体损伤:以苯并[a]芘含量高为特征的工业城市俄斯特拉发,交通繁忙排放氮氧化物的布拉格,以及位于以农业活动为主地区的相对清洁的切斯克布德约维茨。采用荧光原位杂交法检测春、秋两季淋巴细胞1、2、3、4号染色体的染色体畸变。在俄斯特拉发的春季样品中,观察到不稳定染色体畸变的频率增加,即双中心染色体和无中心片段(p =。014和p =。044)和布拉格(p =。002, p =。006)与Ceske Budejovice相比。只有在冬季之后采集的样本中,差异才显着,此时空气中污染物的浓度由于分散条件差而增加。春季与秋季相比,俄斯特拉发和布拉格的双中心染色体频率增加(p =。017和p =。023),但在Ceske Budejovice没有。1号染色体上观察到的断点比其他染色体上观察到的断点更多(p < .001)。异染色质区域1p11-q12的断点数量低于1号染色体的其他部分(p < .001),表明异染色质对损伤具有保护功能。我们的研究表明,空气污染增加了不稳定染色体畸变的频率,特别是双中心染色体。然而,我们没有显示对稳定的染色体重排的影响。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.40
自引率
10.70%
发文量
52
审稿时长
12-24 weeks
期刊介绍: Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis publishes original research manuscripts, reviews and commentaries on topics related to six general areas, with an emphasis on subject matter most suited for the readership of EMM as outlined below. The journal is intended for investigators in fields such as molecular biology, biochemistry, microbiology, genetics and epigenetics, genomics and epigenomics, cancer research, neurobiology, heritable mutation, radiation biology, toxicology, and molecular & environmental epidemiology.
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