Alcohol consumption's effects on working memory: Examining familial confounding.

IF 3.2 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Psychology of Addictive Behaviors Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-15 DOI:10.1037/adb0000936
Linnea Sepe-Forrest, Allen J Bailey, Patrick D Quinn, Frederick W Carver, William P Hetrick, Brian F O'Donnell
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Abstract

Objective: The purpose of our study was to provide a more rigorous test of the causal hypothesis that chronic alcohol use impairs working memory performance.

Method: We measured linear associations between a latent factor representing alcohol consumption and accuracy across four working memory tasks before and after accounting for familial confounding using a cotwin control design. Specifically, this study examined accuracy through a latent working memory score, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Toolbox List Sorting, NIH Toolbox Picture Sequence, Penn Word Memory, and 2-back tasks. The study included data from 158 dizygotic and 278 monozygotic twins (Mage = 29 ± 3 years).

Results: In our initial sample-wide analysis, we did not detect any statistically significant associations between alcohol use and working memory accuracy. However, our cotwin control analyses showed that twins with greater levels of alcohol use exhibited worse scores on the latent working memory composite measure (B = -.25, CI [-.43, -.08], p < .01), Picture Sequence (B = -.31, CI [-.55, -.08], p < .01), and List Sorting (B = -.28, CI [-.51, -.06 ], p = .01) tasks than did their cotwins.

Conclusions: These results are consistent with a potentially causal relationship between alcohol use and working memory performance that can be detected only after accounting for confounding familial factors. This highlights the importance of understanding the mechanisms that may underlie negative associations between alcohol use and cognitive performance, as well as the potential factors that influence both alcohol behaviors and cognition. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

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饮酒对工作记忆的影响:研究家族混杂因素
研究目的我们的研究旨在对 "长期饮酒会损害工作记忆能力 "这一因果假设进行更严格的检验:我们采用同卵双生子对照设计,在考虑家族混杂因素之前和之后,测量了代表酒精消耗量的潜在因素与四项工作记忆任务准确性之间的线性关系。具体来说,本研究通过潜在工作记忆得分、美国国立卫生研究院(NIH)工具箱列表排序、NIH工具箱图片序列、宾州大学单词记忆和2-back任务来考察准确性。研究包括 158 对双卵双胞胎和 278 对单卵双胞胎(年龄 = 29 ± 3 岁)的数据:在最初的全样本分析中,我们没有发现饮酒与工作记忆准确性之间存在任何有统计学意义的关联。然而,我们的同卵对照分析表明,与同卵双胞胎相比,酗酒程度较高的双胞胎在潜在工作记忆综合测量(B = -.25, CI [-.43, -.08], p < .01)、图片序列(B = -.31, CI [-.55, -.08], p < .01)和列表排序(B = -.28, CI [-.51, -.06 ], p = .01)任务上的得分较差:这些结果与饮酒和工作记忆能力之间的潜在因果关系相一致,而这种因果关系只有在考虑了混杂的家族因素后才能被发现。这凸显了了解饮酒与认知能力之间可能存在负相关的机制以及影响饮酒行为和认知能力的潜在因素的重要性。(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, 版权所有)。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.90
自引率
11.80%
发文量
165
期刊介绍: Psychology of Addictive Behaviors publishes peer-reviewed original articles related to the psychological aspects of addictive behaviors. The journal includes articles on the following topics: - alcohol and alcoholism - drug use and abuse - eating disorders - smoking and nicotine addiction, and other excessive behaviors (e.g., gambling) Full-length research reports, literature reviews, brief reports, and comments are published.
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