Immune evasion of neutralizing antibodies by SARS-CoV-2 Omicron

IF 9.3 2区 医学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI:10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.03.001
Lidong Wang , Michelle Møhlenberg , Pengfei Wang , Hao Zhou
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引用次数: 12

Abstract

Since its emergence at the end of 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused the infection of more than 600 million people worldwide and has significant damage to global medical, economic, and political structures. Currently, a highly mutated variant of concern, SARS-CoV-2 Omicron, has evolved into many different subvariants mainly including BA.1, BA.2, BA.3, BA.4/5, and the recently emerging BA.2.75.2, BA.2.76, BA.4.6, BA.4.7, BA.5.9, BF.7, BQ.1, BQ.1.1, XBB, XBB.1, etc. Mutations in the N-terminal domain (NTD) of the spike protein, such as A67V, G142D, and N212I, alter the antigenic structure of Omicron, while mutations in the spike receptor binding domain (RBD), such as R346K, Q493R, and N501Y, increase the affinity for angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Both types of mutations greatly increase the capacity of Omicron to evade immunity from neutralizing antibodies, produced by natural infection and/or vaccination. In this review, we systematically assess the immune evasion capacity of SARS-CoV-2, with an emphasis on the neutralizing antibodies generated by different vaccination regimes. Understanding the host antibody response and the evasion strategies employed by SARS-CoV-2 variants will improve our capacity to combat newly emerging Omicron variants.

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SARS-CoV-2组粒对中和抗体的免疫逃避
自2019年底出现以来,严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型已在全球造成6亿多人感染,并对全球医疗、经济和政治结构造成重大损害。目前,严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型奥密克戎的一种高度突变变体已进化成许多不同的亚变体,主要包括BA.1、BA.2、BA.3、BA.4/5和最近出现的BA.2.75.2、BA.2.76、BA.4.6、BA.4.7、BA.5.9、BF.7、BQ.1、BQ.1.1、XBB、XBB.1等。刺突蛋白N端结构域(NTD)的突变,如A67V、G142D和N212I,改变了奥密克龙的抗原结构,而刺突受体结合结构域(RBD)的突变,如R346K、Q493R和N501Y,增加了对血管紧张素转换酶2(ACE2)的亲和力。这两种类型的突变都大大增加了奥密克戎逃避自然感染和/或疫苗接种产生的中和抗体免疫的能力。在这篇综述中,我们系统地评估了严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型的免疫逃避能力,重点是不同疫苗接种制度产生的中和抗体。了解宿主抗体反应和严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型变异株采用的逃避策略将提高我们对抗新出现的奥密克戎变异株的能力。
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来源期刊
Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews
Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews 生物-生化与分子生物学
CiteScore
21.10
自引率
1.50%
发文量
61
审稿时长
22 days
期刊介绍: Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews is a leading publication that focuses on the dynamic fields of growth factor and cytokine research. Our journal offers a platform for authors to disseminate thought-provoking articles such as critical reviews, state-of-the-art reviews, letters to the editor, and meeting reviews. We aim to cover important breakthroughs in these rapidly evolving areas, providing valuable insights into the multidisciplinary significance of cytokines and growth factors. Our journal spans various domains including signal transduction, cell growth and differentiation, embryonic development, immunology, tumorigenesis, and clinical medicine. By publishing cutting-edge research and analysis, we aim to influence the way researchers and experts perceive and understand growth factors and cytokines. We encourage novel expressions of ideas and innovative approaches to organizing content, fostering a stimulating environment for knowledge exchange and scientific advancement.
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