Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of tributyltin in the early embryonic chick, Gallus gallus domesticus

IF 2.3 4区医学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Mutation research. Genetic toxicology and environmental mutagenesis Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI:10.1016/j.mrgentox.2023.503656

Abhijit Mandal, Malaya Ghosh, Doli Talukdar, Pubali Dey, Aparajita Das, Sarbani Giri

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Abstract

Tributyltin (TBT) is used in many commercial applications, including pesticides and antifouling paints, due to its biocidal properties. We examined the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of TBT in the early chick embryo (Gallus gallus domesticus). Chick embryos (11 days) were treated with various doses of TBT to measure LD₅₀ values for 24, 48, and 72 h exposures, which were determined to be 110, 54, and 18 μg/egg, respectively. The embryos were exposed to sub-lethal doses of TBT for evaluation of cytotoxicity and genotoxicity. An increase in the incidence of micronuclei (MN) was observed but it was not statistically significant. Induction of other nuclear abnormalities (ONA) after 72 h TBT exposure was significant. A significant increase in comet assay tail DNA content was also detected in TBT-exposed embryos. Cytotoxicity was also evidenced by alteration in the polychromatic erythrocytes (PCE) to normochromatic erythrocytes (NCE) ratio and by an increase in the erythroblast population in treated organisms. The cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of TBT may have long-term complications in later stages of the life cycle.

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三丁基锡对家鸡早期胚胎的细胞毒性和遗传毒性

三丁基锡（TBT）由于其杀菌性能，被用于许多商业应用，包括杀虫剂和防污涂料。我们检测了TBT对早期鸡胚（Gallus Gallus domesticus）的细胞毒性和遗传毒性。用不同剂量的TBT处理鸡胚（11天），以测量暴露24、48和72小时的LD50值，分别确定为110、54和18μg/卵。胚胎暴露于亚致死剂量的三丁基锡，以评估细胞毒性和遗传毒性。观察到微核（MN）发生率增加，但无统计学意义。TBT暴露72小时后诱发其他核异常（ONA）是显著的。彗星试验的尾部DNA含量在接触TBT的胚胎中也显著增加。细胞毒性也通过多染红细胞（PCE）与常染色红细胞（NCE）比率的改变以及处理生物体中成红细胞群体的增加来证明。TBT的细胞毒性和遗传毒性可能在生命周期的后期出现长期并发症。

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来源期刊

Mutation research. Genetic toxicology and environmental mutagenesis 生物-毒理学

CiteScore

3.80

自引率

5.30%

发文量

审稿时长

105 days

期刊介绍： Mutation Research - Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis (MRGTEM) publishes papers advancing knowledge in the field of genetic toxicology. Papers are welcomed in the following areas: New developments in genotoxicity testing of chemical agents (e.g. improvements in methodology of assay systems and interpretation of results). Alternatives to and refinement of the use of animals in genotoxicity testing. Nano-genotoxicology, the study of genotoxicity hazards and risks related to novel man-made nanomaterials. Studies of epigenetic changes in relation to genotoxic effects. The use of structure-activity relationships in predicting genotoxic effects. The isolation and chemical characterization of novel environmental mutagens. The measurement of genotoxic effects in human populations, when accompanied by quantitative measurements of environmental or occupational exposures. The application of novel technologies for assessing the hazard and risks associated with genotoxic substances (e.g. OMICS or other high-throughput approaches to genotoxicity testing). MRGTEM is now accepting submissions for a new section of the journal: Current Topics in Genotoxicity Testing, that will be dedicated to the discussion of current issues relating to design, interpretation and strategic use of genotoxicity tests. This section is envisaged to include discussions relating to the development of new international testing guidelines, but also to wider topics in the field. The evaluation of contrasting or opposing viewpoints is welcomed as long as the presentation is in accordance with the journal''s aims, scope, and policies.