{"title":"Systematic review and meta-analysis of childhood visual impairment in the Eastern Mediterranean Region.","authors":"Saif Alrasheed","doi":"10.26719/emhj.23.020","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Childhood visual impairment has a significant effect on social life, educational performance, and professional choices, and can lead to poverty.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To review the prevalence and causes of visual impairment among children aged 5-17 years in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was conducted in 2021 using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta- Analyses (PRISMA) method. We searched Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Index Medicus for the Eastern Mediterranean Region, and Medline for studies published between January 2000 and April 2020. The articles included were epidemiological studies of prevalence and causes of childhood visual impairment published in peer-reviewed journals.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 12 705 articles screened, 23 from 9 countries met the inclusion criteria. The pooled prevalence of uncorrected, presenting, and best-corrected childhood visual impairment was 11.57%, 8.34% and 1.21%, respectively. The most common causes of childhood visual impairment were refractive error (51.89%), amblyopia (11.15%), retinal disorders (3.90%), corneal opacity (3.0%), and cataract (1.88%). There was a highly significant heterogeneity between the studies (P < 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of visual impairment among children in the EMR was high, and the leading causes were uncorrected refractive error and amblyopia, which were avoidable. Access to eyecare services may help improve early diagnosis and treatment of preventable causes of childhood visual impairment.</p>","PeriodicalId":11411,"journal":{"name":"Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal","volume":"29 6","pages":"482-490"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7000,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.26719/emhj.23.020","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: Childhood visual impairment has a significant effect on social life, educational performance, and professional choices, and can lead to poverty.
Aims: To review the prevalence and causes of visual impairment among children aged 5-17 years in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR).
Methods: This study was conducted in 2021 using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta- Analyses (PRISMA) method. We searched Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Index Medicus for the Eastern Mediterranean Region, and Medline for studies published between January 2000 and April 2020. The articles included were epidemiological studies of prevalence and causes of childhood visual impairment published in peer-reviewed journals.
Results: Of the 12 705 articles screened, 23 from 9 countries met the inclusion criteria. The pooled prevalence of uncorrected, presenting, and best-corrected childhood visual impairment was 11.57%, 8.34% and 1.21%, respectively. The most common causes of childhood visual impairment were refractive error (51.89%), amblyopia (11.15%), retinal disorders (3.90%), corneal opacity (3.0%), and cataract (1.88%). There was a highly significant heterogeneity between the studies (P < 0.0001).
Conclusion: The prevalence of visual impairment among children in the EMR was high, and the leading causes were uncorrected refractive error and amblyopia, which were avoidable. Access to eyecare services may help improve early diagnosis and treatment of preventable causes of childhood visual impairment.
背景:儿童视力障碍对社会生活、教育表现和职业选择有显著影响，并可能导致贫困。目的:回顾东地中海地区(EMR) 5-17岁儿童视力障碍的患病率及其原因。方法:本研究于2021年采用首选报告项目进行系统评价和Meta分析(PRISMA)方法。我们检索了Google Scholar、PubMed、Web of Science、Scopus、Index Medicus for Eastern Mediterranean Region和Medline，检索了2000年1月至2020年4月间发表的研究。这些文章包括发表在同行评议期刊上的关于儿童视力障碍患病率和原因的流行病学研究。结果:在筛选的12 705篇文章中，来自9个国家的23篇符合纳入标准。未矫正、呈现和最佳矫正儿童视力障碍的总患病率分别为11.57%、8.34%和1.21%。儿童视力损害最常见的原因是屈光不正(51.89%)、弱视(11.15%)、视网膜疾病(3.90%)、角膜混浊(3.0%)和白内障(1.88%)。研究之间存在高度显著的异质性(P < 0.0001)。结论:EMR儿童视力损害发生率高，未矫正屈光不正和弱视是可避免的主要原因。获得眼科保健服务可能有助于改善早期诊断和治疗儿童视力损害的可预防原因。
期刊介绍：
The Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal, established in 1995, is the flagship health periodical of the World Health Organization Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean.
The mission of the Journal is to contribute to improving health in the Eastern Mediterranean Region by publishing and publicising quality health research and information with emphasis on public health and the strategic health priorities of the Region. It aims to: further public health knowledge, policy, practice and education; support health policy-makers, researchers and practitioners; and enable health professionals to remain informed of developments in public health.
The EMHJ:
-publishes original peer-reviewed research and reviews in all areas of public health of relevance to the Eastern Mediterranean Region
-encourages, in particular, research related to the regional health priorities, namely: health systems strengthening; emergency preparedness and response; communicable diseases; noncommunicable diseases and mental health; reproductive, maternal, child health and nutrition
-provides up-to-date information on public health developments with special reference to the Region.
The Journal addresses all members of the health profession, health educational institutes, as well as governmental and nongovernmental organizations in the area of public health within and outside the Region.
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