{"title":"Reprogramming of Hepatic Metabolism and Microenvironment in Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis.","authors":"Liangyou Rui, Jiandie D Lin","doi":"10.1146/annurev-nutr-062220-105200","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a spectrum of metabolic liver disease associated with obesity, ranges from relatively benign hepatic steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). The latter is characterized by persistent liver injury, inflammation, and liver fibrosis, which collectively increase the risk for end-stage liver diseases such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Recent work has shed new light on the pathophysiology of NAFLD/NASH, particularly the role of genetic, epigenetic, and dietary factors and metabolic dysfunctions in other tissues in driving excess hepatic fat accumulation and liver injury. In parallel, single-cell RNA sequencing studies have revealed unprecedented details of the molecular nature of liver cell heterogeneity, intrahepatic cross talk, and disease-associated reprogramming of the liver immune and stromal vascular microenvironment. This review covers the recent advances in these areas, the emerging concepts of NASH pathogenesis, and potential new therapeutic opportunities.</p>","PeriodicalId":8009,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":12.6000,"publicationDate":"2022-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10122183/pdf/nihms-1889556.pdf","citationCount":"15","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Annual review of nutrition","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-nutr-062220-105200","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"NUTRITION & DIETETICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 15
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a spectrum of metabolic liver disease associated with obesity, ranges from relatively benign hepatic steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). The latter is characterized by persistent liver injury, inflammation, and liver fibrosis, which collectively increase the risk for end-stage liver diseases such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Recent work has shed new light on the pathophysiology of NAFLD/NASH, particularly the role of genetic, epigenetic, and dietary factors and metabolic dysfunctions in other tissues in driving excess hepatic fat accumulation and liver injury. In parallel, single-cell RNA sequencing studies have revealed unprecedented details of the molecular nature of liver cell heterogeneity, intrahepatic cross talk, and disease-associated reprogramming of the liver immune and stromal vascular microenvironment. This review covers the recent advances in these areas, the emerging concepts of NASH pathogenesis, and potential new therapeutic opportunities.
期刊介绍:
Annual Review of Nutrition
Publication History:In publication since 1981
Scope:Covers significant developments in the field of nutrition
Topics Covered Include:
Energy metabolism;
Carbohydrates;
Lipids;
Proteins and amino acids;
Vitamins;
Minerals;
Nutrient transport and function;
Metabolic regulation;
Nutritional genomics;
Molecular and cell biology;
Clinical nutrition;
Comparative nutrition;
Nutritional anthropology;
Nutritional toxicology;
Nutritional microbiology;
Epidemiology;
Public health nutrition