Reprogramming of Hepatic Metabolism and Microenvironment in Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis.

IF 12.6 2区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Annual review of nutrition Pub Date : 2022-08-22 DOI:10.1146/annurev-nutr-062220-105200
Liangyou Rui, Jiandie D Lin
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引用次数: 15

Abstract

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a spectrum of metabolic liver disease associated with obesity, ranges from relatively benign hepatic steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). The latter is characterized by persistent liver injury, inflammation, and liver fibrosis, which collectively increase the risk for end-stage liver diseases such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Recent work has shed new light on the pathophysiology of NAFLD/NASH, particularly the role of genetic, epigenetic, and dietary factors and metabolic dysfunctions in other tissues in driving excess hepatic fat accumulation and liver injury. In parallel, single-cell RNA sequencing studies have revealed unprecedented details of the molecular nature of liver cell heterogeneity, intrahepatic cross talk, and disease-associated reprogramming of the liver immune and stromal vascular microenvironment. This review covers the recent advances in these areas, the emerging concepts of NASH pathogenesis, and potential new therapeutic opportunities.

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非酒精性脂肪性肝炎的肝脏代谢和微环境重编程。
非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)是一种与肥胖相关的代谢性肝病,范围从相对良性的肝脂肪变性到非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)。后者的特点是持续肝损伤、炎症和肝纤维化,这些共同增加了肝硬化和肝细胞癌等终末期肝病的风险。最近的研究揭示了NAFLD/NASH的病理生理学,特别是遗传、表观遗传、饮食因素和其他组织代谢功能障碍在驱动肝脏脂肪堆积和肝损伤中的作用。与此同时,单细胞RNA测序研究揭示了肝细胞异质性、肝内串扰以及肝脏免疫和间质血管微环境的疾病相关重编程的分子性质的前所未有的细节。本文综述了这些领域的最新进展、NASH发病机制的新概念以及潜在的新治疗机会。
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来源期刊
Annual review of nutrition
Annual review of nutrition 医学-营养学
CiteScore
15.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
19
期刊介绍: Annual Review of Nutrition Publication History:In publication since 1981 Scope:Covers significant developments in the field of nutrition Topics Covered Include: Energy metabolism; Carbohydrates; Lipids; Proteins and amino acids; Vitamins; Minerals; Nutrient transport and function; Metabolic regulation; Nutritional genomics; Molecular and cell biology; Clinical nutrition; Comparative nutrition; Nutritional anthropology; Nutritional toxicology; Nutritional microbiology; Epidemiology; Public health nutrition
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