{"title":"The Economic Cost of Rising Non-communicable Diseases in India: A Systematic Literature Review of Methods and Estimates","authors":"Varsha Shukla, Rahul Arora","doi":"10.1007/s40258-023-00822-8","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Objectives</h3><p>India has one of the world’s highest proportions of out-of-pocket expenditure (OOPE) payments. The low share of public health expenditure coupled with the double burden of disease (communicable and non-communicable) has a direct financial impact on individual OOPE and an indirect impact in the form of decreasing life expectancy, reduced productivity, and hence a negative impact on economic growth. This systematic review aims to compare and assess the estimated economic cost of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in India and ascertain the methods used to derive these estimates.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>This paper reviews the past 12-year (2010–22) literature on the economic impact of health shocks due to NCDs. Three databases were searched for the literature: PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Thematic analysis has been performed to analyse the findings of the study.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The OOPE was very high for NCDs. The increasing cost was high and unaffordable, pushing many people into financial distress measured by catastrophic payments and rising impoverishment.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The results indicate both the direct and indirect impact of NCDs, but the indirect burden of loss of employment and productivity, despite its relevance, has been less studied in the literature. A robust economic analysis will allow an evidence-based policy decision perspective to reduce the rising burden of NCDs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8065,"journal":{"name":"Applied Health Economics and Health Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1000,"publicationDate":"2023-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"1","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Applied Health Economics and Health Policy","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40258-023-00822-8","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ECONOMICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Abstract
Background and Objectives
India has one of the world’s highest proportions of out-of-pocket expenditure (OOPE) payments. The low share of public health expenditure coupled with the double burden of disease (communicable and non-communicable) has a direct financial impact on individual OOPE and an indirect impact in the form of decreasing life expectancy, reduced productivity, and hence a negative impact on economic growth. This systematic review aims to compare and assess the estimated economic cost of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in India and ascertain the methods used to derive these estimates.
Methods
This paper reviews the past 12-year (2010–22) literature on the economic impact of health shocks due to NCDs. Three databases were searched for the literature: PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Thematic analysis has been performed to analyse the findings of the study.
Results
The OOPE was very high for NCDs. The increasing cost was high and unaffordable, pushing many people into financial distress measured by catastrophic payments and rising impoverishment.
Conclusion
The results indicate both the direct and indirect impact of NCDs, but the indirect burden of loss of employment and productivity, despite its relevance, has been less studied in the literature. A robust economic analysis will allow an evidence-based policy decision perspective to reduce the rising burden of NCDs.
期刊介绍:
Applied Health Economics and Health Policy provides timely publication of cutting-edge research and expert opinion from this increasingly important field, making it a vital resource for payers, providers and researchers alike. The journal includes high quality economic research and reviews of all aspects of healthcare from various perspectives and countries, designed to communicate the latest applied information in health economics and health policy.
While emphasis is placed on information with practical applications, a strong basis of underlying scientific rigor is maintained.