The effectiveness of technology-based cognitive behavioral therapy on perinatal depression and anxiety: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Extensive literature has shown the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy in treating perinatal depression, but little is known about the effectiveness of its technology-based version.

Aim: The aim of this review was to examine the effectiveness of technology-based cognitive behavioral therapy in reducing depressive and anxiety symptoms in women suffering from or at risk of experiencing perinatal depression.

Methods: Six electronic databases were searched until February 2023 for articles published in English. Random-effect meta-analyses were conducted. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I² statistics and Cochran's Q chi-squared test. Sensitivity analyses and subgroup analyses were also performed, and quality appraisals at the study and outcome levels were conducted.

Results: A total of 16 randomized controlled trials were included in the review. Results from meta-analyses suggest that technology-based cognitive behavioral therapy has a medium effect in reducing perinatal depressive symptoms and a small effect in reducing perinatal anxiety symptoms. Overall, women suffering from or at risk of perinatal depression may benefit from technology-based cognitive behavioral therapy.

Linking evidence to action: Future interventions can be improved by addressing both perinatal depression and anxiety, paying more attention to antenatal women to prevent postnatal mental health issues, and using self-guided mobile applications for accessibility.