Mycosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using psychrotrophic strains of Tulasnella albida Bourdot & Galzin from the South Orkney Islands (Antarctica)

This study is the first report on mycosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (NPs) using psychrotrophic Antarctic filamentous fungi, and the first report regarding Tulasnella (Basidiomycota). In this work, the ability to synthesize silver NPs from cell free filtrates of strains of Tulasnella albida isolated from Antarctica was assessed. All fungal filtrates were capable of synthesizing silver NPs with the addition of AgNO₃. UV–vis spectroscopy, TEM and SEM microscopy analyses were performed to characterize the synthesized NPs. ATR-FTIR and Micro Raman spectroscopy analyses were conducted to find functional groups responsible for the reduction of AgNO₃ and to detect the presence of silver oxide on the AgNPs. Theoretical calculations of optical absorption based on core-shell Ag–Ag₂O were used to characterize the experimental absorption spectra of silver NPs colloids. Spherically shaped silver NPs, typically 2–3 nm in diameter, were obtained. The largest ones showed a capping shell around them, which could be associated with the formation of small silver NPs. Functional groups corresponding to amides and alcohols were detected, confirming the presence of proteins as possible intermediates in the synthesis of AgNPs. On the other hand, the Micro Raman analysis confirms the presence of silver oxide on the surface of the AgNPs. This work presents a simple procedure for the synthesis of silver NPs using a psychrotrophic organism that could be interesting for the industry.