Anesthesia and women's peculiarities.

INTRODUCTION An important issue is the establishment of concepts when the topic of discussion involves sex and gender. So, sex is a term used for the biological determinant (chromosomal), and gender is a social construct with a broad spectrum (cis, trans, etc.). Both genderand sex-related peculiarities may influence many aspects of anesthetic planning, although the different concepts of sex and gender are precious, as well as pregnancy status; gender and pregnancy are beyond the scope of this article. The physiological and pharmacological aspects are extensive and, by themselves, deserve special attention. From the preoperative evaluation to the postoperative management, the anesthesiologists must know these differences and how they may influence the outcome. However, only the main factors influencing anesthetic management and its results will be highlighted.