Anish Mahadeo , Catherine K. Yeung , Jonathan Himmelfarb , Edward J. Kelly
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Kidney microphysiological models for nephrotoxicity assessment
Nephrotoxicity testing is an important step in preclinical development of new molecular entities (NMEs) and has traditionally been performed in 2D cell culture systems and animal models. However, 2D culture systems fail to replicate complex in vivo microenvironment and animal models face interspecies differences including the overexpression of drug transporters. In the last decade, 3D microphysiological systems (MPS) have been developed to address these concerns. Here, we review recent advancements in kidney MPS and their application in drug-induced toxicity testing and kidney disease research. We find that current research is making significant progress addressing MPS limitations such as throughput, incorporating various regions of the nephron such as the glomerulus, and successfully modeling and predicting clinically relevant nephrotoxicity of current and new drugs.
期刊介绍:
The aims and scope of Current Opinion in Toxicology is to systematically provide the reader with timely and provocative views and opinions of the highest qualified and recognized experts on current advances in selected topics within the field of toxicology. The goal is that Current Opinion in Toxicology will be an invaluable source of information and perspective for researchers, teachers, managers and administrators, policy makers and students. Division of the subject into sections: For this purpose, the scope of Toxicology is divided into six selected high impact themed sections, each of which is reviewed once a year: Mechanistic Toxicology, Metabolic Toxicology, Risk assessment in Toxicology, Genomic Toxicology, Systems Toxicology, Translational Toxicology.