以非雌激素为基础的更年期辅助疗法

IF 6.1 1区 医学 Q1 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM Best practice & research. Clinical endocrinology & metabolism Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI:10.1016/j.beem.2023.101819
Bassel H. Al Wattar (Consultant Obstetrician and Gynaecologist) , Vikram Talaulikar (Associate Specialist in Reproductive Medicine & Hon Associate Professor in Women's Health)
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引用次数: 0

摘要

女性成年后的大部分时间都生活在生育后阶段,许多人都会因衰弱的更年期症状而寻求帮助。每个人的更年期经历都是独一无二的。采用生活方式、激素和非激素干预相结合的综合方法来管理更年期,是最大限度地提高更年期妇女生活质量的关键。然而,许多人选择使用非激素疗法,或者有使用激素疗法的禁忌症。研究表明,一些药理非激素药物,如 SSRIs、SSRI/SNRIs、加巴喷丁和普瑞巴林,对控制血管运动症状和其他更年期症状非常有效。它们的主要副作用是口干、恶心、便秘、性欲减退和食欲不振。氯硝西泮是英国唯一获准用于控制血管运动症状的非激素类药物,但有多种副作用,包括头晕和睡眠障碍。建议采用认知行为疗法来治疗与绝经过渡期有关的焦虑、睡眠问题和血管运动症状。草药疗法和替代疗法的临床疗效和安全性证据仍然薄弱。对潮热妇女使用神经激肽受体 3 拮抗剂进行的研究显示,血管运动症状有所改善,但大规模研究的结果仍在等待中。
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Non-oestrogen-based and complementary therapies for menopause

Women are living a significant portion of their adult lives in the post-reproductive phase, and many seek help for debilitating menopausal symptoms. Every individual’s experience of menopausal transition is unique. Adopting a holistic approach to managing the menopause using a combination of lifestyle, hormonal, and non-hormonal interventions is key to maximise the quality of life of affected women. However, many opt to use non hormonal options or have contraindications to using hormonal therapy. Studies have shown that several pharmacological non-hormonal medications such as SSRIs, SSRI/SNRIs, Gabapentin, and Pregabalin are effective for managing vasomotor symptoms as well as other menopausal symptoms. Their main side effects are dry mouth, nausea, constipation, reduced libido, and loss of appetite. Clonidine is the only non-hormonal drug which is licenced for control of vasomotor symptoms in the UK, but has several side effects including dizziness and sleep disturbance. Cognitive Behavioural Therapy is recommended as a treatment for anxiety, sleep problems and vasomotor symptoms related to menopausal transition. Evidence for clinical efficacy and safety of herbal remedies and alternative therapies remains weak. Studies with neurokinin receptor 3 antagonists on women with hot flushes have shown improvement in vasomotor symptoms and results of large-scale studies are awaited.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
11.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
77
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism is a serial publication that integrates the latest original research findings into evidence-based review articles. These articles aim to address key clinical issues related to diagnosis, treatment, and patient management. Each issue adopts a problem-oriented approach, focusing on key questions and clearly outlining what is known while identifying areas for future research. Practical management strategies are described to facilitate application to individual patients. The series targets physicians in practice or training.
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